Publication: Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Girişimcilik Eğilimini Etkileyen Faktörler: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Örneği
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Girişimcilik sanayi toplumundan bilgi toplumuna geçişte, ekonomik kalkınmada ve gelişmede temel dinamizmlerden biri hale gelmektedir. Teknoloji çağında ülkenin toplumsal ve bireysel refahı sağlamada, ekonomik gelişmede, teknolojinin hızla ilerlemesinde ve bilgiye erişebilirliğin kolaylaşmasında girişimcilik faktörü önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bunun sonucunda girişimcilik eğitimi üniversite öğrencilerinin potansiyellerinin ortaya çıkarılmasında başat unsurlardan biri hale gelmektedir. Girişimcilik eğitiminin gayeleri öğrencilerin ilerde girişimcilik konusunda aktif bir tutum sergilemesini sağlama ve başarılı bir girişimci olmasıdır. Üniversitede verilen girişimcilik eğitimi kendi işinin patronu olmak isteyen ve ülke ekonomisinde istihdam yaratarak katkıda bulunmak isteyen öğrencilerin girişimcilik eğilimini olumlu yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Kadın öğrencilere odaklanıldığında, toplumda, iş yerinde cinsiyete dayalı ayrımcılığa ve sosyal baskılara maruz kalan kadınlar için eğitimin özgüven, bilgi ve kendi haklarını savunabilme gibi özellikleri kazandırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda özgür ve bağımsız yaşam sürdürmek amacıyla kendi işini kurmak için eğitim etkili bir faktör olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversitede eğitim alan kadın öğrencilerin girişimcilik eğilimlerini etkileyen faktörleri incelemektir. Bu bilgiler ışığında Ajzen'in Planlanmış Davranış Teorisinin (PDT) davranışa yönelik tutum, varsayılan davranış kontrolü ve kişisel norm unsurları, demografik faktörlerin (cinsiyet, ailede girişimcinin olup olmadığı, akademik başarı ortalama ve ebeveynlerin eğitim seviyesi vb.) ve en önemli olan girişimcilik eğitiminin kadın öğrencilerin girişimcilik eğilimleri üzerinde etkisinin olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi'nde İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesinde (İİBF) öğrenim gören 446 kadın öğrenciler üzerinde araştırma yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre ebeveynlerin eğitim seviyesi, ailede girişimcinin olması, akademik başarı ve alınan girişimcilik dersi girişimcilik eğilimi üzerinde etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. PDT'ye göre davranışa yönelik tutum ve kişisel norm unsurları girişimcilik eğilimi üzerinde etkili olduğu ancak varsayılan davranış kontrolünün etkisi olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Girişimcilik, Planlanmış Davranış Teorisi, Kadın girişimcilik eğilimi, Kişisel norm, Varsayılan Davranış Kontrolü, Davranışa yönelik tutum
Entrepreneurship is becoming one of the basic dynamism in the transition from industrial society to information society, economic development, and development. In the age of technology, the entrepreneurship factor plays an important role in ensuring the social and individual welfare of the country, in economic development, in the rapid advancement of technology and in facilitating the accessibility of information. As a result, entrepreneurship education becomes one of the dominant elements in revealing the potential of university students. Entrepreneurship education aims to enable students to exhibit an active attitude toward entrepreneurship in the future and to become successful entrepreneurs. It has been seen that entrepreneurship education given at the university has a positive effect on the entrepreneurship tendency of the students who want to be the boss of their own business and who want to contribute to the country's economy by creating employment. When focusing on female students, it has been determined that education provides features such as self-confidence, knowledge, and defending their own rights for n who are exposed to gender-based discrimination and social pressures in the society and workplace. In this context, it has been revealed that education is an effective factor in establishing one's own business in order to maintained independent life. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of female university students. In the light of this information, it has been investigated whether the elements of Ajzen's Planned Behavior Theory (TPB) such as attitude toward, perceived behavior control and subjective norm, demographic factors (gender, entrepreneur in the family, Grade Point Average (GPA) and education level of parents) and the most important entrepreneurship education have an effect on the entrepreneurship intention of female students. In this context, a study was conducted on 446 female students studying at the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences (FEAS) of Ondokuz Mayıs University. According to the findings obtained as a result of the study, it was found that the education level of the parents, the existence of an entrepreneur in the family, GPA, and the entrepreneurship education taken were effective on the entrepreneurship intention. According to TPB, it has been revealed that the elements of attitude toward and subjective norm have an effect on entrepreneurial intention, perceived behavior control has not statistically significant. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Theory of planned behavior, Female entrepreneurship intention, Subjective norm, Perceived behavior control, Attitude towards behaviour
Entrepreneurship is becoming one of the basic dynamism in the transition from industrial society to information society, economic development, and development. In the age of technology, the entrepreneurship factor plays an important role in ensuring the social and individual welfare of the country, in economic development, in the rapid advancement of technology and in facilitating the accessibility of information. As a result, entrepreneurship education becomes one of the dominant elements in revealing the potential of university students. Entrepreneurship education aims to enable students to exhibit an active attitude toward entrepreneurship in the future and to become successful entrepreneurs. It has been seen that entrepreneurship education given at the university has a positive effect on the entrepreneurship tendency of the students who want to be the boss of their own business and who want to contribute to the country's economy by creating employment. When focusing on female students, it has been determined that education provides features such as self-confidence, knowledge, and defending their own rights for n who are exposed to gender-based discrimination and social pressures in the society and workplace. In this context, it has been revealed that education is an effective factor in establishing one's own business in order to maintained independent life. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of female university students. In the light of this information, it has been investigated whether the elements of Ajzen's Planned Behavior Theory (TPB) such as attitude toward, perceived behavior control and subjective norm, demographic factors (gender, entrepreneur in the family, Grade Point Average (GPA) and education level of parents) and the most important entrepreneurship education have an effect on the entrepreneurship intention of female students. In this context, a study was conducted on 446 female students studying at the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences (FEAS) of Ondokuz Mayıs University. According to the findings obtained as a result of the study, it was found that the education level of the parents, the existence of an entrepreneur in the family, GPA, and the entrepreneurship education taken were effective on the entrepreneurship intention. According to TPB, it has been revealed that the elements of attitude toward and subjective norm have an effect on entrepreneurial intention, perceived behavior control has not statistically significant. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Theory of planned behavior, Female entrepreneurship intention, Subjective norm, Perceived behavior control, Attitude towards behaviour
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Kyzy, S.A. (2022). Üniversite öğrencilerinin girişimcilik eğilimini etkileyen faktörler : Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi örneği. (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Samsun.
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