Utility of Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate for Predicting Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents With Type-1 Diabetes

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the clinical utility of the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: Modified criteria of the International Diabetes Federation were used to determine MetS in children and adolescents between 10 and 18 years of age with T1D. The eGDR, a validated marker of insulin sensitivity, was calculated in two different ways using either the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) or waist circumference (WC). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to ascertain cut-off levels of the eGDR to predict MetS. Results: A total of 200 patients (52% male) with T1D were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of MetS was 10.5% (n: 21). Lower eGDR levels, indicating greater insulin resistance, were found in T1D patients with MetS when compared to those without (6.41 +/- 1.86 vs. 9.50 +/- 1.34 mg/kg/min) (p < 0.001). An eGDR(WHR) cut-off of 8.44 mg/kg/min showed 85.7% sensitivity and 82.6% specificity, while an eGDR(WC) cut-off of 8.16 mg/kg/min showed 76.1% sensitivity and 92.1% specificity for MetS diagnosis. The diagnostic odds ratio was 28.6 (7.3-131.0) for the eGDR(WHR) cut-off and 37.7 (10.8-140.8) for the eGDR(WC) cut-off. Conclusions: The eGDR is a mathematical formula that can be used in clinical practice to detect the existence of MetS in children and adolescents with T1D using only the WC, existence of hypertension, and hemoglobin A1c levels. An eGDR calculated using the WC could be a preferred choice due to its higher diagnostic performance.