Aberrant Epigenetics and Reproductive Disorders

Abstract

Epigenetic modifications have been suggested to play a significant role on the reproductive system. This chapter introduces the role of epigenetics and epigenetic mechanisms in reproductive disorders including endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure (POF) and male infertility. The chapter starts by presenting the role of DNA methylation in PCOS. Then, the chapter explains the role of epigenetic factors in pathogenesis of endometriosis. Finally, it summarizes the investigations of alterations in sperm DNA methylation pattern, global, imprinting and gene-specific methylation, role of histones and protamines (P) and the function of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.