Publication: Polimer ve Hümik Asit Uygulamalarının Toprağın Strüktürel Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri
Abstract
Günümüzde kullanılan tarımsal yöntemler sebebiyle topraklar üretim kapasitelerini kaybedip önemli düzeyde bozulmaya maruz kalmaktadırlar. İyi gelişmiş bir strüktür ve yüksek agregat stabilitesine sahip bir toprak yapısı, verimliliğin artırılması ve aşınabilirliği azaltması açından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışma, polivinil alkol (PVA), poliakrilamid (PAM) ve hümik asit (HA) uygulamalarının toprağın strüktürel gelişimi üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla sera şartlarında tam şansa blok deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada üç farklı tekstüre sahip yüzey toprak (kil, tın ve kumlu tın) örnekleri kullanılmıştır. Serada, 1kg'lık saksılara aktarılan toprak örneklerine PVA, PAM ve HA sırasıyla 500, 100 ve 500 ppm dozlarında uygulanmış ve dört farklı periyotta (0, 15, 30 ve 45 gün) inkübasyona tabi tutulmuştur. İnkübasyon sırasında topraklardaki elverişli nemin %50'si tükenince sulama yapılmıştır. İnkübasyonun tamamlanmasından sonra topraklarda strüktürel parametrelere ilgili analiz ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, PVA, PAM ve HA uygulamalarının agregat stabilitesini ve mekaniksel stabilite değerini arttırdığını, dispersiyon oranını, erozyon oranını, COLE-çubuğu ve hacimsel büzülme değerini düşürdüğünü göstermişlerdir. Uygulanan düzenleyicilerin etkinlikleri toprak tekstür sınıflarına, düzenleyici özelliklerine ve periyot süresine bağlı olmuştur. PVA 'nın diğer düzenleyicilere göre daha etkili olduğu saptanmıştır.
Due to the agricultural methods used today, soils lose their production capacity and are exposed to significant degradation. A well-developed structure and a soil structure with high aggregate stability are very important in terms of increasing productivity and reducing erodibility. This study was carried out in three replications according to the full chance block design in greenhouse conditions in order to determine the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylamide (PAM) and humic acid (HA) applications on the structural development of the soil. Surface soil samples with three different textures (clay, loam and sandy loam) were used in the study. In the greenhouse, PVA, PAM and HA were applied at doses of 500, 100 and 500 ppm, respectively, to the soil samples transferred to 1 kg pots and incubated in four different periods (0, 15, 30 and 45 days). Irrigation was done when 50% of the available moisture in the soil was depleted during incubation. After the completion of the incubation, analyzes and evaluations were made on the structural parameters of the soils. The obtained results showed that PVA, PAM and HA applications increased aggregate stability and mechanical stability value, decreased dispersion rate, erosion rate, COLE-bar and volumetric shrinkage value. The effectiveness of the applied conditioners depended on soil texture classes, regulatory properties and period duration. PVA was found to be more effective than other regulators.
Due to the agricultural methods used today, soils lose their production capacity and are exposed to significant degradation. A well-developed structure and a soil structure with high aggregate stability are very important in terms of increasing productivity and reducing erodibility. This study was carried out in three replications according to the full chance block design in greenhouse conditions in order to determine the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylamide (PAM) and humic acid (HA) applications on the structural development of the soil. Surface soil samples with three different textures (clay, loam and sandy loam) were used in the study. In the greenhouse, PVA, PAM and HA were applied at doses of 500, 100 and 500 ppm, respectively, to the soil samples transferred to 1 kg pots and incubated in four different periods (0, 15, 30 and 45 days). Irrigation was done when 50% of the available moisture in the soil was depleted during incubation. After the completion of the incubation, analyzes and evaluations were made on the structural parameters of the soils. The obtained results showed that PVA, PAM and HA applications increased aggregate stability and mechanical stability value, decreased dispersion rate, erosion rate, COLE-bar and volumetric shrinkage value. The effectiveness of the applied conditioners depended on soil texture classes, regulatory properties and period duration. PVA was found to be more effective than other regulators.
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