Publication: Aşağı Kürtün Vadisi'nde (Samsun) Gömülmüş Toprakların Coğrafi Yönden Araştırılması
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Bu çalışmada Aşağı Kürtün Çayı Vadisi'ndeki gömülmüş toprakların coğrafi özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye'nin Karadeniz Bölgesi kıyı kuşağında ilk defa bir Kuvaterner paleosolü sayısal verilere dayalı olarak araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma hazırlanırken önce ilgili literatür değerlendirilmiştir. Ardından araştırma sahası ve yakın çevresinin doğal çevre özellikleri incelenmiştir. Daha sonra toprakların fiziksel ve kimyasal analizleri Siirt Üniversitesi Toprak Analiz Laboratuvarı'nda tarafımızdan yapılmıştır. Toprakların jeokimyasal özellikleri ise ilgili laboratuvara gönderilerek analiz ettirilmiştir. Araştırma sahası ve yakın çevresinin coğrafi analizlerinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri'nden yararlanılmış ve bu işlemlerde ArcGIS 10.2 yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sahası ve çevresinde ana kayayı Eosen yaşlı bazaltik aglomeralar oluşturmaktadır. Sahada yazın 3,5 ay kuraklık etkili olmakta, mezotermal, yarı nemli, denizel bir iklim hüküm sürmektedir. Doğal bitki örtüsünü ise geniş yapraklı ormanlar oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma sahası ve çevresi Kürtün çayı ve kolları tarafından parçalanmış ve plato görünümü kazanmıştır. Gömülmüş toprak istifinin altında Kuvaterner'e ait akarsu seki deposu tespit edilmiştir. Bu depo akarsuyun yatağını yarmasıyla vadi tabanından yaklaşık 15 m yüksekte kalmıştır. Bu seki deposu yamaçlardan gelen kolüvyal malzemelerle örtülmüş ve üzerinde toprak oluşmaya başlamıştır. Ancak zaman zaman etkili olan kuvvetli sellerle toprak oluşumu kesintiye uğramış ve istif içinde farklı seviyelerde gömülmüş topraklar oluşmuştur. Yapılan fizikokimyasal ve jeokimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre istif boyunca topraklarda tuzlaşma olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. İstif içinde koyu renkleriyle kolayca ayrılan gömülmüş toprak seviyelerinde ve güncel topraklarda kalsifikasyonun düşük, ancak kireç birikiminin arttığı bazı seviyelerde nispeten yüksek kalsifikasyon izlenmiştir. İstif içindeki bütün seviyelerde sızma, hidroliz ve killeşme oranları normal değerlerde çıkmıştır. Ancak koyu renkli paleosol bantları içinde bu değerlerde nispi bir artış gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca toprak pH'sı güncel toprak ve iki paleosol seviyesinde hafif alkali olarak bulunmuştur. Bu da hidrolizin şiddetli olmadığı şeklinde yorumlanmıştır. Bu verilerden hareketle gömülmüş toprakların bugünküne benzer bir iklim altında oluştuğu soncuna ulaşılmıştır. Ancak, bazı seviyelerdeki yüksek kireç içeriği ve pH'nın şiddetli alkali çıkması, zaman zaman da kuraklığın etkili olduğu şeklinde yorumlanmıştır.
In this study, the geographical characteristics of the buried soils in the lower course valley of the Kürtün Creek have been investigated. With this study, a Quaternary paleosol was investigated based on numerical data for the first time on the coastal belt of Turkey's Black Sea Region. The relevant literature was evaluated before this study. Then, the natural environment characteristics of the research area and the nearby environment have been examined. The physical and chemical properties of the soils were determined by us with routine soil analysis methods in the soil analysis laboratory of Siirt University. The geochemical characteristics of the soils were analyzed in the relevant laboratory. Geographical Information Systems and ArcGIS 10.2 software were used for prepare of maps of the research area and its surroundings. The main rock in the study area and its surroundings is Eocene basaltic agglomerate. In the summer season there is a 3.5 months of drought effective, mesothermal, and sub humid maritime climate prevails. Broad-leaved forests form natural vegetation. The study area and its surroundings were fragmented by the Kürtün Creek and tributary and gained a plateau appearance. Under the section of the buried soil, a terrace of river deposit belonging to the Quaternary was found. This terrace is about 15 m high from the valley floor by dividing the stream bed. This terrace set, was covered with colluvial materials coming from the slopes and the soil began to form on it. But, from time to time, effective with strong flooding disasters soil formation has been interrupted and buried soil were formed in the section at different levels. Based on the results of the physicochemical and geochemical analysis, it was understood that there was no salinization in the soil throughout the section. At the buried soil levels, which are easily separated by dark colors in the section, calcification is low in the modern soil, but high calcification have been observed at some levels where lime accumulation is increased relatively. At the all levels in the section, leaching, hydrolysis, and salinization rates were within normal values. However, the darker bands showed a relative increase in these values within paleosol. In addition, current soil pH and two paleosol levels were found to be mildly alkaline. This is not a severe hydrolysis have been interpreted as. Some high lime contents and alkali pH levels show that this study area was under drought conditions from time to time.
In this study, the geographical characteristics of the buried soils in the lower course valley of the Kürtün Creek have been investigated. With this study, a Quaternary paleosol was investigated based on numerical data for the first time on the coastal belt of Turkey's Black Sea Region. The relevant literature was evaluated before this study. Then, the natural environment characteristics of the research area and the nearby environment have been examined. The physical and chemical properties of the soils were determined by us with routine soil analysis methods in the soil analysis laboratory of Siirt University. The geochemical characteristics of the soils were analyzed in the relevant laboratory. Geographical Information Systems and ArcGIS 10.2 software were used for prepare of maps of the research area and its surroundings. The main rock in the study area and its surroundings is Eocene basaltic agglomerate. In the summer season there is a 3.5 months of drought effective, mesothermal, and sub humid maritime climate prevails. Broad-leaved forests form natural vegetation. The study area and its surroundings were fragmented by the Kürtün Creek and tributary and gained a plateau appearance. Under the section of the buried soil, a terrace of river deposit belonging to the Quaternary was found. This terrace is about 15 m high from the valley floor by dividing the stream bed. This terrace set, was covered with colluvial materials coming from the slopes and the soil began to form on it. But, from time to time, effective with strong flooding disasters soil formation has been interrupted and buried soil were formed in the section at different levels. Based on the results of the physicochemical and geochemical analysis, it was understood that there was no salinization in the soil throughout the section. At the buried soil levels, which are easily separated by dark colors in the section, calcification is low in the modern soil, but high calcification have been observed at some levels where lime accumulation is increased relatively. At the all levels in the section, leaching, hydrolysis, and salinization rates were within normal values. However, the darker bands showed a relative increase in these values within paleosol. In addition, current soil pH and two paleosol levels were found to be mildly alkaline. This is not a severe hydrolysis have been interpreted as. Some high lime contents and alkali pH levels show that this study area was under drought conditions from time to time.
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Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2017
Libra Kayıt No: 116875
Libra Kayıt No: 116875
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