Publication: Nusinersen Tedavisi Almakta Olan Pediatrik Spinal Musküler Atrofi (SMA) Hastalarının İzleminde Potansiyel Biyobelirteçler Olarak Mir-155-5p, Mir-222-5p ve Mir-378b'nin Araştırılması
Abstract
Amaç: Bu tez çalışmasında, in siliko analizler ile kasta ifade edilen ve SMN2-ekson 7 hedefleyebilen miRNA'ların belirlenmesi ilk hedefimiz oldu. Ardından, Nusinersen tedavisi alan SNA hastalarında her Nusinersen uygulamasından önce ve sonra SMA hastalarının Beyin Omurilik Sıvılarında belirlediğimiz miRNA'ların ekspresyon profillerini araştırarak Nusinersen etkinliğine dair bir bilgi/gösterge elde edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır Yöntem: İn siliko analizler sonucunda, hem kasta ifade edilmesine hem de SMN2-exon7 ile yüksek oranda bağlantı gösteren üç miRNA (miR-155-5p, miR-222-5p ve miR-378b) belirlendi. SMA tanısı almış 20 pediatrik hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiş olup her Nusinersen uygulamasından önce ve sonra hastalardan totalde alınan 48 adet 5ml BOS örneğinde belirlenen miRNA'ların izolasyonu yapılarak RT-PCR ile ifade düzeylerinin analizi yapıldı. Her Nusinersen uygulaması öncesi ve sonrası arasındaki miRNA ekspresyon farklılığının anlamlılık analizi yapılarak ve hastaların klinik parametreleriyle ve özellikle SMA hastalarının tedavi yanıtıyla ilgili bilgi veren HFMSE skorlarıyla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bulgular: HFMSE skor olçümleri Nusinersen tedavi ile birlikte ilk duruma göre artış gösterdiği bulundu. miR-222-5p'nin ifade düzeyi incelendiğinde, BOS1 ve BOS2 ölçümleri arasında anlamlılığa yakın bir artışın olduğu bulundu (p=0,068). miR-378b'nin ifade düzeyinde, BOS 1ve BOS 3 ölçümleri arasında anlamlılığa yakın fark bulundu (p=0,068). HFMSE skorları ile miR-222-5p ve miR-378b ekspresyonları kıyaslanmış ancak herhangi bir korelasyon bulunamadı. Ancak ilk ve son durum karşılaştırmalarına baktığımızda hem HFMSE'nin hem de miR-222-5p ve miR-378b'nin zamanla (ilk duruma göre) artış gösterdiği bulunmuştur. HFMSE değişimi ile miR-222-5p ve miR-378b arasında negatif yönde istatiksel olarak anlamlılığa yakın bir korelasyon olduğu bulundu. Sonuç: MiRNA'lar Nusinersen ile birlikte hastalığın daha iyi anlaşılmasında, ilerlemesinde ve terapötik yanıtın izlenmesinde potansiyel biyobelirteçler olarak umut vericidir. Çalışmamız miRNA'ların Nusinersen tedavisi alan SMA hastalarında, hastalığın daha iyi anlaşılması, ilerlemesi ve terapötik yanıtı izlenmesi için non-invaziv ve klinik olmayan biyobelirteçler olarak etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi üzerine yapılacak olan çalışmalara fikir olacaktır.
Aim: In this thesis, the first target was to identify miRNAs expressed in muscle and capable of targeting SMN2-exon 7 by in silico analysis. Next, it is aimed to obtain an information/indicator of Nusinersen performance by investigating the profiles of miRNAs that we spend in the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) of SMA patients before and after Nusinersen capacity. Method: As a result of in silico analysis, three miRNAs (miR-155-5p, miR-222-5p, and miR-378b) were identified, both expressed in muscle and highly correlated with SMN2-exon7. 20 pediatric patients diagnosed with SMA were included in the study and before and after each Nusinersen administration, the expression of expressions with RT-PCR was analyzed by isolation of the miRNAs determined in 48 5ml CSF sample taken from the patients. Significance analysis of the difference in miRNA expression between before and after each Nusinersen administration was performed and correlated with patients' clinical parameters and HFMSE scores, which provide information about the treatment response of SMA patients in particular. In addition, the effect of Nusinersen on miRNA profile changes according to SMA types was evaluated. Results: HFMSE score was found to increase with Nusinersen treatment according to the first situation. When the expression level of miR-222-5p was examined, there was an increase between CSF1 and CSF2 measurements close to significance (p = 0.068). At the expression level of miR-378b, there was a difference close to significance between CSF1 and CSF3 measurements (p = 0.068). HFMSE scores and miR-222-5p and miR-378b expressions were compared, but no correlation was found. However, when we look at the first and final status comparisons, it was found that both HFMSE and miR-222-5p and miR-378b increased over time (according to the first situation). With the change of HFMSE, there was a negative statistical correlation between miR-222-5p and miR-378b Conclusion: These non-coding RNA miRNAs, together with Nusinersen, are promising as potential biomarkers for better disease prevention, progression and capabilities of therapeutic response. Our study will be an idea of the studies to be carried out in SMA patients receiving Nusinersen treatment of MIRNAs, to better understand, progress and monitor the therapeutic response of the disease.
Aim: In this thesis, the first target was to identify miRNAs expressed in muscle and capable of targeting SMN2-exon 7 by in silico analysis. Next, it is aimed to obtain an information/indicator of Nusinersen performance by investigating the profiles of miRNAs that we spend in the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) of SMA patients before and after Nusinersen capacity. Method: As a result of in silico analysis, three miRNAs (miR-155-5p, miR-222-5p, and miR-378b) were identified, both expressed in muscle and highly correlated with SMN2-exon7. 20 pediatric patients diagnosed with SMA were included in the study and before and after each Nusinersen administration, the expression of expressions with RT-PCR was analyzed by isolation of the miRNAs determined in 48 5ml CSF sample taken from the patients. Significance analysis of the difference in miRNA expression between before and after each Nusinersen administration was performed and correlated with patients' clinical parameters and HFMSE scores, which provide information about the treatment response of SMA patients in particular. In addition, the effect of Nusinersen on miRNA profile changes according to SMA types was evaluated. Results: HFMSE score was found to increase with Nusinersen treatment according to the first situation. When the expression level of miR-222-5p was examined, there was an increase between CSF1 and CSF2 measurements close to significance (p = 0.068). At the expression level of miR-378b, there was a difference close to significance between CSF1 and CSF3 measurements (p = 0.068). HFMSE scores and miR-222-5p and miR-378b expressions were compared, but no correlation was found. However, when we look at the first and final status comparisons, it was found that both HFMSE and miR-222-5p and miR-378b increased over time (according to the first situation). With the change of HFMSE, there was a negative statistical correlation between miR-222-5p and miR-378b Conclusion: These non-coding RNA miRNAs, together with Nusinersen, are promising as potential biomarkers for better disease prevention, progression and capabilities of therapeutic response. Our study will be an idea of the studies to be carried out in SMA patients receiving Nusinersen treatment of MIRNAs, to better understand, progress and monitor the therapeutic response of the disease.
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