Determination of the Dormancy and Active Growth Duration of Various Rootstock and Cultivar Combinations of Pear Trees along Their Phenological Stages

Abstract

This research was performed to clarify dormancy and active growth seedling rootstock during 2021 and 2022. It has been determined that the phenological stages start earlier in 2022; on the contrary, the active growth period ended earlier in 2021 (20 November) than in 2022 (29 November). In the case of the three combination effects of duration (AGD), the results were obtained in the range of 187.0- 228.4 days. The AGD was determined to be the lowest (187.0 days) in the 'Santa Maria'/FOX9 combination in the year 2021, while the highest (228.4 days) in the 'Deveci'/FOX11 combination in the research year 2022. Considering the main effect of rootstocks (R) on the dormancy duration (DD), the obtained results varied between 148.7 and 153.7 days. The DD was found to be the lowest (148.7 days) on the FOX11 rootstock, while the highest (153.7 days) on the BA29 and FOX9 rootstocks. Understanding the AGD and DD of fruit trees is a critical approach for the ideal management of fruit orchards scientifically and effectively. Finally, it can be advised to temperate regions; they will be more suitable for mitigating the adverse effects of stress factors.