Publication: Hafif Kilolu Obez Bireylerde Glütensiz Diyet ve Akdeniz Diyeti Beslenme Eğitiminin Klinik, Biyokimyasal Bulgular ve Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Bu çalışma; hafif kilolu/obez bireylerde glütensiz diyet ve Akdeniz diyeti beslenme eğitiminin antropometrik ölçümlere, klinik, biyokimyasal bulgulara ve yaşam kalitesine etkisini belirlemektedir. Trabzon Kanuni Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Obezite merkezine başvuran BKİ>25 kg/m2 olan ve tansiyon dışında herhangi bir kronik hastalığı olmayan bireyler, rastgele glütensiz diyet grubuna (n=32) veya Akdeniz diyeti grubuna (n=36) ayrılmışlardır. 6 haftalık beslenme eğitimi verilen bireylere çalışma başlangıç ve sonrasında klinik bulgular, antropometrik ölçümler, biyokimyasal bulgular, besin tüketim sıklığı, SF-36 ve Akdeniz diyeti bağlılık ölçeği uygulanmış ve çalışmanın ortasında 3 günlük besin kayıtları alınmıştır. Bulgular SPSS ile değerlendirilmiş, p<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Vücut ağırlığı glütensiz diyet uygulayan bireylerde 90,1 kg'dan 87,6 kg'a (p<0,001); Akdeniz diyeti uygulayan bireylerde 96,1 kg'dan 93,3 kg'a düşmüş (p<0,001) ancak her iki diyet uygulaması arasında bir fark olmamıştır (p>0,05). Antropometrik ölçümlerde boyun çevresi dışında fark saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Akdeniz diyet grubunun Akdeniz ölçek puanı 7,0±1,8'den 8,3±1,6'ya yükselmiş (p=0,001); glütensiz diyet grubunda artış saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Glütensiz diyet grubu beslenmesi, Akdeniz diyet grubuna göre daha yüksek yağ, kolesterol ve B12 vitamin seviyelerine sahipken; Akdeniz diyet grubu glütensiz diyet grubuna göre daha yüksek karbonhidrat, lif, A vitamini, karoten, B6 vitamin, sodyum, potasyum ve magnezyum seviyelerine sahiptir (p<0,05). Glütensiz diyet uygulayanlarda saçlarda dökülme, baş ağrısı, gaz şikayeti, şişkinlik, çevreye karşı ilgisizlik, yorgunluk, eklem ağrısında azalma; Akdeniz diyeti uygulayanlarda saçlarda kolay dökülme, gaz şikayeti, şişkinlik, eklem ağrısında azalma saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Glütensiz diyet grubunda başlangıca göre ALT ve B12 artmış; Akdeniz diyeti grubunda ALT, AST, ferritin ve B12 artmış, kolesterol düşmüştür (p<0,05). Glütensiz ve Akdeniz diyetinin klinik, biyokimyasal bulgular ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkileri benzerdir ancak glutensiz diyet tedavisinin uzun vadede etkileri dikkatle takip edilmelidir.
This research; It determines the effect of gluten-free diet and Mediterranean diet nutrition education on anthropometric measurements, clinical, biochemical findings and quality of life in overweight/obese individuals. Individuals with BMI>25 kg/m2 and without any chronic disease other than blood pressure, who applied to Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital Obesity Center, were randomly assigned to the gluten-free diet group (n = 32) or the Mediterranean diet group (n = 36). Clinical findings, anthropometric measurements, biochemical findings, food consumption frequency, SF-36 and Mediterranean diet adherence scale were applied to the individuals who were given 6-week nutrition education, and 3-day food records were taken in the middle of the study. Findings were evaluated with SPSS, and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Body weight decreased from 90.1 kg to 87.6 kg in individuals following a gluten-free diet (p<0.001); In individuals following the Mediterranean diet, the weight decreased from 96.1 kg to 93.3 kg (p<0.001), but there was no difference between the two diet practices (p>0.05). No difference was detected in anthropometric measurements except for neck circumference (p>0.05). The Mediterranean scale score of the Mediterranean diet group increased from 7.0±1.8 to 8.3±1.6 (p=0.001); No increase was detected in the gluten-free diet group (p>0.05). While the gluten-free diet group has higher fat, cholesterol and vitamin B12 levels than the Mediterranean diet group; The Mediterranean diet group has higher carbohydrate, fiber, vitamin A, carotene, vitamin B6, sodium, potassium and magnesium levels than the gluten-free diet group (p<0.05). In those who follow a gluten-free diet, hair loss, headache, gas complaints, bloating, indifference to the environment, fatigue, and decrease in joint pain; A decrease in hair loss, gas complaints, bloating, and joint pain was found in those following the Mediterranean diet (p<0.05). In the gluten-free diet group, ALT and B12 increased compared to baseline; In the Mediterranean diet group, ALT, AST, ferritin and B12 increased and cholesterol decreased (p<0.05). The effects of gluten-free and Mediterranean diets on clinical, biochemical findings and quality of life are similar, but the long-term effects of gluten-free diet treatment should be carefully monitored.
This research; It determines the effect of gluten-free diet and Mediterranean diet nutrition education on anthropometric measurements, clinical, biochemical findings and quality of life in overweight/obese individuals. Individuals with BMI>25 kg/m2 and without any chronic disease other than blood pressure, who applied to Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital Obesity Center, were randomly assigned to the gluten-free diet group (n = 32) or the Mediterranean diet group (n = 36). Clinical findings, anthropometric measurements, biochemical findings, food consumption frequency, SF-36 and Mediterranean diet adherence scale were applied to the individuals who were given 6-week nutrition education, and 3-day food records were taken in the middle of the study. Findings were evaluated with SPSS, and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Body weight decreased from 90.1 kg to 87.6 kg in individuals following a gluten-free diet (p<0.001); In individuals following the Mediterranean diet, the weight decreased from 96.1 kg to 93.3 kg (p<0.001), but there was no difference between the two diet practices (p>0.05). No difference was detected in anthropometric measurements except for neck circumference (p>0.05). The Mediterranean scale score of the Mediterranean diet group increased from 7.0±1.8 to 8.3±1.6 (p=0.001); No increase was detected in the gluten-free diet group (p>0.05). While the gluten-free diet group has higher fat, cholesterol and vitamin B12 levels than the Mediterranean diet group; The Mediterranean diet group has higher carbohydrate, fiber, vitamin A, carotene, vitamin B6, sodium, potassium and magnesium levels than the gluten-free diet group (p<0.05). In those who follow a gluten-free diet, hair loss, headache, gas complaints, bloating, indifference to the environment, fatigue, and decrease in joint pain; A decrease in hair loss, gas complaints, bloating, and joint pain was found in those following the Mediterranean diet (p<0.05). In the gluten-free diet group, ALT and B12 increased compared to baseline; In the Mediterranean diet group, ALT, AST, ferritin and B12 increased and cholesterol decreased (p<0.05). The effects of gluten-free and Mediterranean diets on clinical, biochemical findings and quality of life are similar, but the long-term effects of gluten-free diet treatment should be carefully monitored.
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