Publication: Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adaylarının Basit Makineler Konusundaki Kavram Yanılgıları
Abstract
Bu çalışmada fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının 'Basit Makineler' konusundaki kavram yanılgılarının; kavram karikatürleri, üç aşamalı tanı testi ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada nicel ve nitel yöntemler birlikte kullanıldığından karma araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın nicel kısmını kavram karikatürlerinin ve üç aşamalı tanı testinin analizi oluştururken, nitel kısmını da yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu; Karadeniz bölgesinde bulunan bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim görmekte olan, Fizik-1 dersini almış lisans düzeyindeki 126 fen bilimleri öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak; sırasıyla kavram karikatürleri, üç aşamalı tanı testi ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Kavram karikatürleri, puanlama cetveliyle analiz edilmiş olup, elde edilen veriler frekans ve yüzde olarak hesaplanmıştır. Üç aşamalı tanı testleri ise ilk olarak puanlama cetveliyle analiz edilmiştir. Daha sonra uygulamadan elde edilen veriler, TestAn paket programıyla analiz edilmiş, her bir maddenin ayırt edicilik ve güçlük indeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Tanı testinin geçerliliği sağlanmış olup, güvenirliği KR-20 formülüyle hesaplanarak 0,71 olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen güvenirlik katsayı değerinin, alan yazındaki değerlere göre kabul edilen aralıkta olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Görüşme formundan elde edilen veriler ise içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerinden yararlanılarak oluşturulan kodlar, temalar, frekanslar ve yüzdeler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarına basit makineler konusunda kavram yanılgısı olup-olmadığı sorulduğunda, büyük çoğunluğu kavram yanılgılarının olduğunu, kavram karikatürlerinin ve üç aşamalı tanı testinin bunu ortaya çıkardığını dile getirmişlerdir. Çalışma kapsamında araştırmacı tarafından öğretmen adaylarına uygulanan kavram karikatürü ve üç aşamalı tanı testi sonuçlarına bakıldığında öğretmen adaylarında yüksek oranda basit makineler konusunda kavram yanılgısı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bir başka deyişle öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri ile öğretmen adaylarına uygulanan kavram karikatürleri ve üç aşamalı tanı testi puanları birbiriyle örtüşmekte olduğunun sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ışığında, basit makineler konusunda kavram karikatürü ve üç aşamalı tanı testi ile kavram yanılgılarını ortaya çıkarmanın önemine dikkat çekilmiştir. Ayrıca bu konun öğretiminde sorumlu olan kişilere ve bu konuda çalışma yapacak araştırmacılara önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
In this study, it is aimed to determine the misconceptions of pre-service science teachers about 'Simple Machines' with concept cartoons, three-stage diagnostic test and semi-structured interview form. Since quantitative and qualitative methods were used together in the study, mixed research method was preferred. While the quantitative part of the study consists of the analysis of concept cartoons and three-stage diagnostic test, the qualitative part of the study consists of semi-structured interviews. The study group of the research consisted of 126 undergraduate pre-service science teachers who were studying at a state university in the Black Sea region and had taken the Physics-1 course. Concept cartoons, three-stage diagnostic test and semi-structured interview form were used as data collection tools respectively. Concept cartoons were analyzed with a scoring rubric and the data obtained were calculated as frequency and percentage. Three-stage diagnostic tests were first analyzed with a scoring rubric. Then, the data obtained from the application were analyzed with TestAn package program and the discrimination and difficulty indices of each item were calculated. The validity of the diagnostic test was ensured and its reliability was calculated with the KR-20 formula and found to be 0.71. The reliability coefficient value obtained was found to be within the accepted range according to the values in the literature. The data obtained from the interview form were analyzed by content analysis method. The codes, themes, frequencies and percentages generated from the opinions of the pre-service teachers were subjected to content analysis. When the pre-service teachers were asked whether they had misconceptions about simple machines, the majority of them stated that they had misconceptions and that the concept cartoons and the three-stage diagnostic test revealed this. When the results of the concept cartoons and three-stage diagnostic test applied to the pre-service teachers by the researcher within the scope of the study were examined, it was determined that the pre-service teachers had a high rate of misconceptions about simple machines. In other words, it was concluded that the views of the pre-service teachers and the scores of the concept cartoons and the three-stage diagnostic test applied to the pre-service teachers overlapped with each other. In the light of the results obtained from this study, the importance of revealing misconceptions about simple machines with concept cartoons and three-stage diagnostic test was emphasized. In addition, suggestions were made to the people responsible for teaching this subject and to the researchers who will work on this subject.
In this study, it is aimed to determine the misconceptions of pre-service science teachers about 'Simple Machines' with concept cartoons, three-stage diagnostic test and semi-structured interview form. Since quantitative and qualitative methods were used together in the study, mixed research method was preferred. While the quantitative part of the study consists of the analysis of concept cartoons and three-stage diagnostic test, the qualitative part of the study consists of semi-structured interviews. The study group of the research consisted of 126 undergraduate pre-service science teachers who were studying at a state university in the Black Sea region and had taken the Physics-1 course. Concept cartoons, three-stage diagnostic test and semi-structured interview form were used as data collection tools respectively. Concept cartoons were analyzed with a scoring rubric and the data obtained were calculated as frequency and percentage. Three-stage diagnostic tests were first analyzed with a scoring rubric. Then, the data obtained from the application were analyzed with TestAn package program and the discrimination and difficulty indices of each item were calculated. The validity of the diagnostic test was ensured and its reliability was calculated with the KR-20 formula and found to be 0.71. The reliability coefficient value obtained was found to be within the accepted range according to the values in the literature. The data obtained from the interview form were analyzed by content analysis method. The codes, themes, frequencies and percentages generated from the opinions of the pre-service teachers were subjected to content analysis. When the pre-service teachers were asked whether they had misconceptions about simple machines, the majority of them stated that they had misconceptions and that the concept cartoons and the three-stage diagnostic test revealed this. When the results of the concept cartoons and three-stage diagnostic test applied to the pre-service teachers by the researcher within the scope of the study were examined, it was determined that the pre-service teachers had a high rate of misconceptions about simple machines. In other words, it was concluded that the views of the pre-service teachers and the scores of the concept cartoons and the three-stage diagnostic test applied to the pre-service teachers overlapped with each other. In the light of the results obtained from this study, the importance of revealing misconceptions about simple machines with concept cartoons and three-stage diagnostic test was emphasized. In addition, suggestions were made to the people responsible for teaching this subject and to the researchers who will work on this subject.
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