Publication: Sıçanlarda Prenatal Dönemde Gabapentin ve Oxcarbazepin Uygulamasının Postnatal Dönem Yavru Karaciğerine Olan Olası Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, günümüzde gebelikte kullanılabilen ikinci nesil antiepileptiklerden Gabapentin (GBP) ve Oxcarbazepin'in (OXC) gebeliğin ilk dönemlerinde kullanımına bağlı olarak yavru karaciğer dokusunun gelişimine olan olası etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışmada 12 adet gebe Wistar albino cinsi sıçandan elde edilen, 45 günlük 20 adet yavru dişi sıçan kullanıldı. Gebe sıçanlardan 4 grup oluşturuldu. Gebeliğin 1–5. günlerinde, üç gruba sırasıyla GBP (50 mg/kg/gün), OXC (100 mg/kg/gün) ve serum fizyolojik (SF; %0,9 NaCl; 1,5 ml/gün) gavaj yoluyla verildi. Kırkbeşinci günün sonunda yavru dişi sıçanlar sakrifiye edildi. Daha sonra, karaciğer dokularından alınan örnekler histopatolojik ve stereolojik yöntemlerle değerlendirildi. Yavru sıçanların ortalama vücut ağırlıkları, GBP ve OXC grubunda anlamlı olarak azaldığı gözlendi (p<0,05). Histopatolojik değerlendirmede, GBP ve OXC gruplarında yer yer sinüzodial kordonlarda bozulma ve dejenere alanlar görüldü. Ayrıca, OXC grubunda hücresel infiltrasyon, damarlarda dilatasyon ve konjesyon izlendi. Stereolojik bulgularda, portal damar-safra kanalı/portal alan ve portal ven/portal alan parametrelerinde kontrola göre OXC gruplarında artış görülürken, hepatik arter/portal alan ve portal bağ doku/portal alan parametrelerinde azalma görüldü. Santral ven/toplam doku oranında ise sadece GBP grubundaki azalmanın anlamlı düzeyde olduğu görüldü (p<0,05). Gebeliğin preimplantasyon dönemindeki GBP ve OXC uygulamasının yavru sıçan karaciğer dokusunun gelişimi ve yapısı üzerinde ciddi histopatolojik etkisinin olmadığı, bununla birlikte GBP grubunda santral venin, OXC grubunda ise portal ven ve hepatik arterin hacim fraksiyonlarının anlamlı derecede etkilendiği bulunmuştur. Anahtar Sözcükler: antiepileptik ilaç, karaciğer, stereoloji, histopatoloji.
In this research, we aimed to study the effects of Gabapentin (GBP) and Oxcarbezapine (OXC), which are second generation antiepileptics, on the liver tissue of the offspring rats due to their usage in the first trimester of pregnancy. Twenty offspring rats of 45 days old which are obtained from 12 pregnant Wistar albino rats were used in this experiment. Four groups were formed with the pregnant rats. On the 1-5th days of the pregnancy, 3 groups received GBP (50 mg/kg/day), OXC (100 mg/kg/day) and physiological saline solution (0.9 NaCl; 1.5 ml/day) via gavage, respectively. At the end of the 45th day, the female offspring rats were sacrificed. Then, the samples prepared from the liver tissues were evaluated by histopathological and sterological methods. The body weights of the offspring rats were found to be significantly reduced in the GBP and OXC groups (p<0.05). In the histopathological evaluation, occasional disruptions in the sinusoidal cords and degenerated areas were observed in GBP and OXC groups. Moreover, cellular infiltration, dilation and congestion in the vessels were found in the OXC group. In the stereological study, the portal vessel-bile duct/portal area and portal vein/portal area parameters were found to be increased in the OXC group compared to the control group while the parameters of hepatic artery/portal area and portal connective tissue/portal area were found to be decreased. Central vein/total tissue ratio was found to be significantly decreased in only the GBP group unlike the other groups (p<0.05). It was found that GBP and OXC treatment during the preimplantation stage of the pregnancy have no significant histopathological effects on the offspring rat liver, while the central vein in the GBP group and portal vein and hepatic artery in the OXC group were found to be significantly affected in terms of their volume fractions. Keywords: antiepileptic drug, liver, stereology, histopathology.
In this research, we aimed to study the effects of Gabapentin (GBP) and Oxcarbezapine (OXC), which are second generation antiepileptics, on the liver tissue of the offspring rats due to their usage in the first trimester of pregnancy. Twenty offspring rats of 45 days old which are obtained from 12 pregnant Wistar albino rats were used in this experiment. Four groups were formed with the pregnant rats. On the 1-5th days of the pregnancy, 3 groups received GBP (50 mg/kg/day), OXC (100 mg/kg/day) and physiological saline solution (0.9 NaCl; 1.5 ml/day) via gavage, respectively. At the end of the 45th day, the female offspring rats were sacrificed. Then, the samples prepared from the liver tissues were evaluated by histopathological and sterological methods. The body weights of the offspring rats were found to be significantly reduced in the GBP and OXC groups (p<0.05). In the histopathological evaluation, occasional disruptions in the sinusoidal cords and degenerated areas were observed in GBP and OXC groups. Moreover, cellular infiltration, dilation and congestion in the vessels were found in the OXC group. In the stereological study, the portal vessel-bile duct/portal area and portal vein/portal area parameters were found to be increased in the OXC group compared to the control group while the parameters of hepatic artery/portal area and portal connective tissue/portal area were found to be decreased. Central vein/total tissue ratio was found to be significantly decreased in only the GBP group unlike the other groups (p<0.05). It was found that GBP and OXC treatment during the preimplantation stage of the pregnancy have no significant histopathological effects on the offspring rat liver, while the central vein in the GBP group and portal vein and hepatic artery in the OXC group were found to be significantly affected in terms of their volume fractions. Keywords: antiepileptic drug, liver, stereology, histopathology.
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