Publication: Nussbaum'da Olanak Olarak İmgelem: Ahlak, Siyaset ve Edebiyat
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, ahlak, siyaset, ekonomi, insan hakları, hayvan hakları, feminizm gibi pek çok konuda önemli katkıları olan çağdaş Aristotelesçi düşünür Martha Craven Nussbaum'un imgelem olanağını tartışmaktır. Nussbaum'un eserlerinde 'imgelem' sözcüğü 'edebi imgelem', 'metaforik imgelem', 'anlatıcı imgelem' şeklinde edebiyatla; 'empatik imgelem', 'sempatik imgelem', 'merhametli imgelem' şeklinde duygularla ve 'ahlaki imgelem', 'siyasi imgelem', 'kamusal imgelem' şeklinde ahlakla ve siyasetle ilişkili olarak kullanılır. Nussbaum'un Olanaklar Yaklaşımı imgelemi insanın merkezi olanaklarından biri olarak ortaya koyar ve bu olanağın edebi, ahlaki ve siyasi işlevlerinin olduğunu iddia eder. Bu yaklaşıma göre, edebiyatın, sanatın ve insan bilimlerinin yeşertip geliştirdiği imgelem yetisi ahlaklılığın temel unsurlarından biridir; küresel düzeyde adalete ve demokratik bir toplum düzenine olanak sağlar. Nussbaum imgelemin etkisiyle gelişen merhamet gibi bazı duyguların da pratik akıl yürütmenin vazgeçilmez bir unsuru olduğuna inanır. Hatta merhamet Nussbaum'a göre liberal ve demokratik bir siyasi yapıyla oldukça yakından ilişkilidir. Ancak merhamet duygusunun gelişmesi de yine imgelem olanağının işlerliğine bağlıdır. Erdem, akıl ya da haz üzerinden değil de imgelem yetisi üzerinden tartışılan alternatif bir ahlak anlayışının, böyle bir anlayışıyla temellendirilen sosyal adalet teorisinin yenilikleri ve güçleri nelerdir? Mevcut çalışmada bu sorunun cevabı aranacaktır. Anahtar sözcükler: Nussbaum, İmgelem, Etik, Adalet, Empati, Sempati, Merhamet, Edebiyat, Dünya vatandaşlığı
The aim of this study is to discuss the capabilitiy of imagination in the works of Martha Craven Nussbaum, a contemporary Aristotelian philosopher who has made significant contributions to many fields such as ethics, politics, economics, human rights, animal rights, and feminism. In Nussbaum's works, the word 'imagination' is used in relation to literature as 'literary imagination', 'metaphorical imagination', 'narrative imagination'; in relation to emotions as 'empathetic imagination', 'sympathetic imagination', 'compassionate imagination'; and in relation to ethics and politics as 'moral imagination', 'political imagination', 'public imagination'. Nussbaum's Capabilities Approach presents imagination as one of the central human capabilities and argues that this capability has literary, moral, and political functions. According to this approach, the capacity for imagination, nurtured and developed by literature, art, and the humanities, is one of the fundamental elements of morality; it enables justice and a democratic social order on a global level. Nussbaum also believes that some emotions, such as compassion, which develop through the influence of imagination, are an indispensable element of practical reasoning. In fact, according to Nussbaum, compassion is closely related to a liberal and democratic political structure. However, the development of the compassion also depends on the functioning of the capability of imagination. What are the innovations and strengths of an alternative understanding of morality discussed not through virtue, reason, or pleasure, but through the capacity for imagination, and of a theory of social justice based on such an understanding? The present study seeks to answer this question. Keywords: Nussbaum, Imagination, Ethics, Justice, Empathy, Sympathy, Compassion, Literature, World citizenship
The aim of this study is to discuss the capabilitiy of imagination in the works of Martha Craven Nussbaum, a contemporary Aristotelian philosopher who has made significant contributions to many fields such as ethics, politics, economics, human rights, animal rights, and feminism. In Nussbaum's works, the word 'imagination' is used in relation to literature as 'literary imagination', 'metaphorical imagination', 'narrative imagination'; in relation to emotions as 'empathetic imagination', 'sympathetic imagination', 'compassionate imagination'; and in relation to ethics and politics as 'moral imagination', 'political imagination', 'public imagination'. Nussbaum's Capabilities Approach presents imagination as one of the central human capabilities and argues that this capability has literary, moral, and political functions. According to this approach, the capacity for imagination, nurtured and developed by literature, art, and the humanities, is one of the fundamental elements of morality; it enables justice and a democratic social order on a global level. Nussbaum also believes that some emotions, such as compassion, which develop through the influence of imagination, are an indispensable element of practical reasoning. In fact, according to Nussbaum, compassion is closely related to a liberal and democratic political structure. However, the development of the compassion also depends on the functioning of the capability of imagination. What are the innovations and strengths of an alternative understanding of morality discussed not through virtue, reason, or pleasure, but through the capacity for imagination, and of a theory of social justice based on such an understanding? The present study seeks to answer this question. Keywords: Nussbaum, Imagination, Ethics, Justice, Empathy, Sympathy, Compassion, Literature, World citizenship
Description
Keywords
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
276
