Publication: Şeker Mısır (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt.) Genotiplerinin Verim ve Kalite Parametrelerinin Karşılaştırılması
Abstract
Bu çalışma, Samsun/Bafra ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen şeker mısır (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) genotiplerinin tarımsal verim ve kalite özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla 2024 üretim sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Deseni'ne göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuş olup, toplam 17 farklı genotip (çeşit/hat) denemeye dâhil edilmiştir. Denemede değerlendirilen morfolojik ve fizyolojik parametreler açısından genotipler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar gözlemlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; bitki boyu 138.50–202.47 cm, ilk koçan yüksekliği 42–66 cm, sap çapı 18.81–22.96 mm, yaprak sayısı 6.8–9.53, koçan boyu 15.63–23.20 cm ve koçan çapı 3.75–4.36 cm arasında değişmiştir. Taze tane verimi bakımından Performans (1270.33 kg/da), GSS5649 (1176.67 kg/da) ve Prenses (1066.00 kg/da) çeşitleri ön plana çıkarken; Tyson çeşidi en düşük verim (581.33 kg/da) ile son grupta yer almıştır. Kalite parametreleri kapsamında; nişasta oranları %39.57–61.37, protein oranları %12.37–16.17, kül oranları %2.41–3.66 aralığında bulunmuştur. Ayrıca depolama zamanında ölçülen Brix değerleri, 1. haftada GSS8529 (15.17) ile Vega (10.93), 2. haftada Apop9dx9c (15.83) ile Performans (11.87) ve 3. haftada Com. Su Tip (13.37) ile Caramelo (10.10) çeşitleri arasında değişkenlik göstermiştir. Genel değerlendirme sonucunda, Samsun/Bafra koşullarına adaptasyon ve performans açısından Vega, Performans, Overland ve Prenses çeşitlerinin yüksek verim ve kalite potansiyeli ile öne çıktığı; genotipler arasında GSS5649 hattının da dikkat çekici bir verim kapasitesine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna karşılık, Caramelo ve Tyson çeşitleri, birçok parametrede düşük performans göstermeleri nedeniyle bölge koşullarına uygun bulunmamıştır.
This study was conducted to determine the agronomic yield and quality characteristics of sugar corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) genotypes grown under Samsun/Bafra ecological conditions in the 2024 production season. The study was established according to the Randomized Block Design with three replications and a total of 17 different genotypes (cultivars/lines) were included in the experiment. Statistically significant differences were observed among the genotypes in terms of morphological and physiological parameters evaluated in the experiment. According to the results obtained; plant height varied between 138.50-202.47 cm, first cob height 42-66 cm, stem diameter 18.81-22.96 mm, number of leaves 6.8 9.53, cob length 15.63-23.20 cm and cob diameter 3.75-4.36 cm. In terms of fresh grain yield, Performance (1270.33 kg/da), GSS5649 (1176.67 kg/da) and Princess (1066.00 kg/da) varieties stood out while Tyson variety was in the last group with the lowest yield (581.33 kg/da). Within the scope of quality parameters; starch ratios were found between 39.57-61.37%, protein ratios between 12.37-16.17% and ash ratios between 2.41-3.66%. In addition, Brix values measured at storage time were between GSS8529 (15.17) and Vega (10.93) in the 1st week, between Apop9dx9c (15.83) and Performance (11.87) in the 2nd week and between Com. Su Tip (13.37) and Caramelo (10.10) in the 3rd week. As a result of the general evaluation, it was determined that Vega, Performance, Overland and Princess varieties stood out with their high yield and quality potential in terms of adaptation and performance to Samsun/Bafra conditions and GSS5649 line had a remarkable yield capacity among the genotypes. On the other hand, Caramelo and Tyson varieties were not found suitable for the regional conditions due to their low performance in many parameters.
This study was conducted to determine the agronomic yield and quality characteristics of sugar corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) genotypes grown under Samsun/Bafra ecological conditions in the 2024 production season. The study was established according to the Randomized Block Design with three replications and a total of 17 different genotypes (cultivars/lines) were included in the experiment. Statistically significant differences were observed among the genotypes in terms of morphological and physiological parameters evaluated in the experiment. According to the results obtained; plant height varied between 138.50-202.47 cm, first cob height 42-66 cm, stem diameter 18.81-22.96 mm, number of leaves 6.8 9.53, cob length 15.63-23.20 cm and cob diameter 3.75-4.36 cm. In terms of fresh grain yield, Performance (1270.33 kg/da), GSS5649 (1176.67 kg/da) and Princess (1066.00 kg/da) varieties stood out while Tyson variety was in the last group with the lowest yield (581.33 kg/da). Within the scope of quality parameters; starch ratios were found between 39.57-61.37%, protein ratios between 12.37-16.17% and ash ratios between 2.41-3.66%. In addition, Brix values measured at storage time were between GSS8529 (15.17) and Vega (10.93) in the 1st week, between Apop9dx9c (15.83) and Performance (11.87) in the 2nd week and between Com. Su Tip (13.37) and Caramelo (10.10) in the 3rd week. As a result of the general evaluation, it was determined that Vega, Performance, Overland and Princess varieties stood out with their high yield and quality potential in terms of adaptation and performance to Samsun/Bafra conditions and GSS5649 line had a remarkable yield capacity among the genotypes. On the other hand, Caramelo and Tyson varieties were not found suitable for the regional conditions due to their low performance in many parameters.
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