Publication: İnsansız Hava Aracı ile Pestisit Uygulamalarında Bazı Pülverizasyon Karakteristiklerinin Belirlenmesi
Abstract
Tarım; ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel açıdan incelendiğinde, insanların yaşamı, istihdamı ve diğer sektörlere hammadde sağlaması açısından önemli sektör durumundadır. İnsanların gıda ihtiyacının karşılanması için tarımsal alanda yapılan uygulamalar, bazı sorunları neden olmaktadır. Tarımsal üretimde verimliliği arttırmak amacıyla Pestisitlerin gelişigüzel ve bilinçsiz kullanımı sonucunda ortaya çıkan olumsuzluklar önlenmelidir. Günümüzde gıda güvenliği ve çevre bilinci bu konu üzerindeki araştırmaların artmasına neden olmaktadır. Özellikle teknolojik yeniliklerin tarımsal alanda kullanılması önemini artırmıştır. Teknolojik yeniliklerin insan hayatının vazgeçilmezi olduğu günümüzde tarımsal alanda da yerini aldığı ve her geçen zamanda önemini arttırdığı görülmektedir. Tarımsal uygulamalarda insansız hava araçları farklı alanlarda kullanım imkanı bulmaktadır. Bitki koruma açısından zararlı organizmalarla mücadelede pestisit kullanımı yaygın olarak tercih edilmektedir. Dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de son yıllarda tarımsal mücadele uygulamalarında İHA kullanımı artmaktadır. İHA kullanımı pestisit, yakıt, zaman, su gibi girdilerin minimum düzeylerde kullanıldığı uygulamalar olarak bilinmektedir. Ancak pestisit uygulamalarını İHA ile yapılmasında doğru uygulama parametrelerinin bilinmesi uygulamadaki başarı açısından önemli olmaktadır. Bu araştırmada DJI marka Arga MG-1P model İnsansız Hava Aracı kullanılmıştır. Denemeler iki farklı rota da (R1SA: Sıra arası ve R2SÜ: Sıra üzeri) iki farklı püskürtme yüksekliğinde (PY1: 2,5 m ve PY2: 3m) Teejet XR11001VS yelpaze hüzmeli püskürtme memesi ile yapılmıştır. Uygulamalar arasındaki farklılıklar hacimsel ortalama çap (VMD), Kaplama oranı (KO) ve Damla sıklığı (DS) parametrelerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca çiftçi uygulaması olarak bahçe pülverizatörü de kullanılmıştır. İHA ve bahçe pülverizatörü uygulamaları penetrasyon açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen veri analizlerinde JMP istatistiki analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Elde dilen sonuçlara göre İHA uygulamalarında R1SA ve R2SÜ rotaları için püskürtme yüksekliğinin PY1 (2,5 m) olduğu uygulamalar öncelikle tercih edilmesi gereken uygulama şartları olarak uygun olacağı düşünülmektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: İnsansız hava aracı, Rota, Penetrasyon, Püskürtme yüksekliği, Meme.
When analysed from economic, social and environmental aspects, agriculture is an important sector in terms of people's life, employment and providing raw materials to other sectors. Practices in the agricultural field to meet the food needs of people cause some problems. In order to increase productivity in agricultural production, the negativities resulting from the indiscriminate and unconscious use of pesticides should be prevented. Today, food safety and environmental awareness cause an increase in research on this subject. Especially the use of technological innovations in the agricultural field has increased its importanceToday, it is seen that technological innovations are indispensable to human life, they take their place in the agricultural field and increase their importance in every passing time. In agricultural applications, unmanned aerial vehicles can be used in different areas. In terms of plant protection, the use of pesticides is widely preferred in the fight against harmful organisms. As in the world, in our country, the use of UAV in agricultural struggle applications has increased in recent years. The use of UAVs is known as applications where inputs such as pesticides, fuel, time and water are used at minimum levels. However, knowing the correct application parameters for pesticide applications with UAVs is important for the success of the application. In this research, DJI brand Arga MG-1P model Unmanned Aerial Vehicle was used. The trials were conducted with Teejet XR11001VS fan beam spray nozzle with two different spray heights (PY1: 2.5 m and PY2: 3 m) in two different routes (R1SA: between rows and R2SU: above rows). Differences between treatments were evaluated according to volumetric mean diameter (VMD), coverage ratio (CR) and drop frequency (DS) parameters. A garden sprayer was also used as a farmer practice. UAV and garden sprayer treatments were compared in terms of penetration. JMP statistical analysis program was used in the data analysis. According to the results obtained, it is thought that applications where the spray height is PY1 (2.5 m) for the R1SA and R2SÜ routes in UAV applications will be suitable as the application conditions that should be preferred first. Keywords: Unmanned aerial vehicle, Route, Penetration, Spray height, Nozzle.
When analysed from economic, social and environmental aspects, agriculture is an important sector in terms of people's life, employment and providing raw materials to other sectors. Practices in the agricultural field to meet the food needs of people cause some problems. In order to increase productivity in agricultural production, the negativities resulting from the indiscriminate and unconscious use of pesticides should be prevented. Today, food safety and environmental awareness cause an increase in research on this subject. Especially the use of technological innovations in the agricultural field has increased its importanceToday, it is seen that technological innovations are indispensable to human life, they take their place in the agricultural field and increase their importance in every passing time. In agricultural applications, unmanned aerial vehicles can be used in different areas. In terms of plant protection, the use of pesticides is widely preferred in the fight against harmful organisms. As in the world, in our country, the use of UAV in agricultural struggle applications has increased in recent years. The use of UAVs is known as applications where inputs such as pesticides, fuel, time and water are used at minimum levels. However, knowing the correct application parameters for pesticide applications with UAVs is important for the success of the application. In this research, DJI brand Arga MG-1P model Unmanned Aerial Vehicle was used. The trials were conducted with Teejet XR11001VS fan beam spray nozzle with two different spray heights (PY1: 2.5 m and PY2: 3 m) in two different routes (R1SA: between rows and R2SU: above rows). Differences between treatments were evaluated according to volumetric mean diameter (VMD), coverage ratio (CR) and drop frequency (DS) parameters. A garden sprayer was also used as a farmer practice. UAV and garden sprayer treatments were compared in terms of penetration. JMP statistical analysis program was used in the data analysis. According to the results obtained, it is thought that applications where the spray height is PY1 (2.5 m) for the R1SA and R2SÜ routes in UAV applications will be suitable as the application conditions that should be preferred first. Keywords: Unmanned aerial vehicle, Route, Penetration, Spray height, Nozzle.
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