Ameliorative Effects of Alpha-Tocopherol and Crithmum Martimum L. Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Toxicity on Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro

Abstract

Objective: Peroxide-containing tooth bleaching agents was reported to cause cellular damage. Aims of this study are to investigate effects of hydrogen peroxide (HP) application on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro and whether alpha-tocopherol (AT) and Crithmum maritimum L. (CM) have ameliorative effects against risk of damage. Materials and Methods: HP, AT, CM doses applied in experiment were determined according to xtt analysis results. DPSCs were treated with 2 or 6 mu g/mL HP, also 100 mu M AT or 2 mu g/mL CM followed by two doses of HP, DNA damage levels were measured using comet assay at 0, 24, 72 hours. Results: Increase of tail length, tail intensity and tail moment are indicative of DNA damage. Tail length is increased significantly in groups applied only HP, compared to control group. In contrast, tail length of groups applied AT and CM was significantly shorter than that only HP-treated groups. Tail intensity and tail moment averages of all groups increased significantly than control group at all times, except mean tail moment of CM6HP, AT2HP groups, and mean tail intensity of CM6HP group at 72 hour. Tail intensity and tail moment averages of 6HP groups exhibited significant increase compared to CM and AT applied groups at all times, except AT6HP group at 24 hour. Averages of 2HP group demonstrated significant increase at 24 hour compared to CM and AT applied groups, while no significance was observed at 0 and 72 hours. Conclusion: HP causes genotoxicity. AT and CM, however, reduce DNA damage, significantly.