Publication: Atık Sulardan Fenol ve Türevlerinin Biyolojik Yöntemlerle Gideriminin İncelenmesi
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Alıcı ortam için 1 µg/l gibi düşük konsantrasyonda bile oldukça toksik bir madde olan fenol ve türevlerinin, endüstriyel atıksulardan ileri bir arıtım yöntemi olan biyosorpsiyon yöntemiyle giderimi üzerine farklı parametrelerin etkilerini incelemek amacıyla ayrıntılı bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Demir-çelik endüstrileri, petrol, pestisit, boya, çözücü, ve diğer kimyasal proses endüstrilerinin en önemli hammaddelerinden olan fenol ve türevlerinin Aspergillus niger ile biyosorpsiyonu incelenmiştir.Bu çalışmanın amacı, sucul ortamlardan fenol, 2-klorofenol (2-KF) ve 4-klorofenolü (4-KF) gidermek için biyolojik materyal olarak canlı A. niger'in kullanım potansiyelini belirlemektir. Fenol, 2-KF ve 4-KF' ün biyosorpsiyonu üzerine biyokütle konsantrasyonu, başlangıç pH'ı, başlangıç fenol ve klorofenol konsantrasyonu, sıcaklık ve temas süresi gibi deneysel parametrelerin etkileri araştırılmıştır.Arıtım sonucunda fenol ve 2-KF 48 saat içinde dengeye ulaşırken 4-KF 96 saatlik biyosorpsiyon işleminden sonra dengeye ulaşmıştır. Denge sonunda her üç bileşik için de düşük kirletici konsantrasyonlarında % 90'nın üzerinde giderim verimine ulaşılmıştır. Fenol, 2-KF ve 4-KF biyosorpsiyonu için Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm modelleri analiz edilmiştir ve Langmuir izoterm modelinin biyosorpsiyonu en iyi tanımlayan model olduğu bulunmuştur.Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre başlangıç pH'sı, A. niger konsantrasyonu, başlangıç fenol ve klorofenol konsantrasyonu ve sıcaklık giderim verimi için çok önemli parametrelerdir. Kesikli sistem çalışmalarının sonucunda doğal pH da, 10 g/l mikroorganizma konsantrasyonunda, fenol için 28ºC, 2-klorofenol ve 4-klorofenol için ise 45ºC sıcaklıkta en yüksek biyosorpsiyon hızları elde edilmiştir.Sürekli sistemde yapılan kolon çalışmaları sonucunda sistemin kısa sürede doygunluğa ulaştığı ve fenol giderim veriminin kesikli sistemde yapılan çalışmalara kıyasla çok düşük olduğu görülmüştür.Anahtar kelimeler: Biyosorpsiyon, fenol, 2-klorofenol, 4-klorofenol, Aspergillus niger.
A detailed study was conducted to investigate the effects of the parameters on the removal of phenol and its derivatives, which are very toxic to the receiving environment even in low quantities as 1 µg/l from industrial wastewater via biosorption method which are sophisticated treatment methods. Biosorption of phenol and its derivatives- one of the most important raw materials for the industries such as iron and steel, petroleum, pesticide, paint, solvent and other chemicals process- via A. niger was investigated.The aim of this study is to determine the usage potential of the live A. niger as biological material for the removal of phenol (Ph), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) from aquatic mediums. The effects of experimental parameters such as biomass concentration, the initial pH, initial phenol and chlorophenol concentration, temperature and contact time on the biosorption of Ph, 2-CP and 4-CP were investigated.After the treatment process, it is found out that Ph and 2-CP reached equilibrium in 48 hour, where as 4- CP reached equilibrium following a 96 hour biosorption time. At the end of the equilibrium, a 90 % removal efficiency was obtained for each of the three compounds at the low contaminant concentrations. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were analyzed for biosorption of Ph, 2-CP and 4-CP and it was found that Langmuir isotherm model was the best model for the biosorption.The data obtained in this study show clearly that the initial pH, A. niger concentration, the initial phenol and chlorophenol concentration and temperature are very important parameters for the removal efficiency. As a result of a batch system study, it is found out maximum biosorption rate for 2-CP at 450C and for 4-CP at 280C at for phenol at 10 g/l microorganism concentration at natural pH were obtained.After column studies which made in the continuous system, it was found that system reached saturation at short time and phenol removal efficiency very low became than made at a batch system.Key words: Biosorption, phenol, 2-Chlorophenol, 4-Chlorophenol, Aspergillus niger.
A detailed study was conducted to investigate the effects of the parameters on the removal of phenol and its derivatives, which are very toxic to the receiving environment even in low quantities as 1 µg/l from industrial wastewater via biosorption method which are sophisticated treatment methods. Biosorption of phenol and its derivatives- one of the most important raw materials for the industries such as iron and steel, petroleum, pesticide, paint, solvent and other chemicals process- via A. niger was investigated.The aim of this study is to determine the usage potential of the live A. niger as biological material for the removal of phenol (Ph), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) from aquatic mediums. The effects of experimental parameters such as biomass concentration, the initial pH, initial phenol and chlorophenol concentration, temperature and contact time on the biosorption of Ph, 2-CP and 4-CP were investigated.After the treatment process, it is found out that Ph and 2-CP reached equilibrium in 48 hour, where as 4- CP reached equilibrium following a 96 hour biosorption time. At the end of the equilibrium, a 90 % removal efficiency was obtained for each of the three compounds at the low contaminant concentrations. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were analyzed for biosorption of Ph, 2-CP and 4-CP and it was found that Langmuir isotherm model was the best model for the biosorption.The data obtained in this study show clearly that the initial pH, A. niger concentration, the initial phenol and chlorophenol concentration and temperature are very important parameters for the removal efficiency. As a result of a batch system study, it is found out maximum biosorption rate for 2-CP at 450C and for 4-CP at 280C at for phenol at 10 g/l microorganism concentration at natural pH were obtained.After column studies which made in the continuous system, it was found that system reached saturation at short time and phenol removal efficiency very low became than made at a batch system.Key words: Biosorption, phenol, 2-Chlorophenol, 4-Chlorophenol, Aspergillus niger.
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Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2008
Libra Kayıt No: 58525
Libra Kayıt No: 58525
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