Publication: Cerrahi Rezeksiyon Uygulanan Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Plevral İnvazyon Derecesinin Sağkalıma Olan Etkisi
Abstract
Giriş: Akciğer kanserinde plevral invazyon varlığı kötü prognostik faktördür. Çalışmanın amacı; küçük hücreli dışı akciğer karsinomunda plevral invazyon derecesi ve plevral invazyon boyutunun değerlendirilerek; tümör evresi, tümör çapı ve histolojik alt tipi, lenf nodu metastazı ve sağ kalım süreleri ile ilişkisini karşılaştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metod: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göğüs Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı'nda 01.01.2008 – 30.06.2019 yıllları arasında küçük hücreli dışı akciğer karsinomu tanısı ile cerrahi rezeksiyon uygulanan, histopatolojik olarak plevra invazyonu tespit edilen 164 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Plevra invazyonu tespit edilen hastalara ait patoloji preparatları tekrar gözden geçirilerek plevral invazyon derecesi ve plevral invazyon boyutu açısından değerlendirildi. Aynı dönemde cerrahi rezeksiyon ugulanan ve histopatolojik olarak plevra invazyonu tespit edilmeyen 105 hasta da sağkalım karşılaştırılması için kontrol grubu olarak çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bulgular: Küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri olgularının plevra invazyon derecesi ve plevra invazyon boyutu arttıkça sağkalım süresinin kısaldığını gözlemledik. Plevra invazyonu tespit edilen grupta ortanca yaşam süresi 52 ay, plevra invazyonu tespit edilmeyen kontrol grubunda ortalama sağkalım 70,6 ay olarak hesaplandı. Plevra invazyonlu adenokarsinom olgularının ortanca sağkalım süreleri PL1'de 96 ay, PL2'de 64 ay ve PL3'de 37 ay olarak hesaplandı. Plevra invazyonlu skuamöz hücreli karsinom olgularının ortanca sağkalım süreleri; PL1'de 25 ay, PL2'de 23 ay, PL3'de 14 ay olarak hesaplandı. Plevral invazyonlu SHK hastalarında evre 1B' de ortanca sağkalımın 84 ay, evre 3A'da 31 ay olduğu tespit edildi. Plevra invazyonlu hasta grubunda ADK tanılı hastalarda evre 1B (%40,4), SHK tanılı hastalarda evre 3A'nın (%36,7) ilk sırada olduğu görüldü. Plevra invazyonu tespit edilen 164 hastanın 36'sında (%22) lenf nodu metastazı saptandı. Patolojik tanı ile lenf nodu metastazı arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulundu (p=0,007<0,05). Skuamöz hücreli karsinom olgularının (%30) adenokarsinom olgularına (%17,3) göre lenf nodu metastaz oranı daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Bununla birlikte PL3 olgularda lenf nodu metastazı diğerlerine göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (%31,4). Plevra invazyon grubunda, sublober rezeksiyon uygulananların sağkalımının daha kısa olduğu görüldü. Plevral invazyon derecesi (p = 0,028), ileri yaş (p=0,022) ve lenf nodu tutulumu (p=0,011) sağkalım için kötü prognostik faktörler olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç: Akciğerin küçük hücreli dışı karsinomlarında; plevral invazyon derece ve boyut artışı ile sağkalım sürelerinin negatif korelasyon gösterdiği ve bu durumun da ileri evre ile ilişkili olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: invazyon, küçük hücreli dışı akciğer karsinomu, plevra, sağkalım
Introduction: The presence of pleural invasion in lung cancer is a poor prognostic factor. The aim of the study is to evaluate the degree of pleural invasion and the size of pleural invasion in non-small cell lung carcinoma and to compare the relationship of these with tumor stage, tumor diameter and histological sub-type, lymph node metastasis and survival times. Material and Methods: 164 patients who underwent surgical resection with a diagnosis of non-small cell carcinoma and who were found to have pleural invasion histopathologically at Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery between 01.01.2008 and 30.06.2019 were included in the study. Pathology preparations of the patients who were found to have pleural invasion were reviewed and they were evaluated in terms of degree of pleural invasion and size of pleural invasion. 105 patients who underwent surgical resection but who were not found to have pleural invasion histopathologically during the same period were included in the study as control group for survival comparison. Results: Survival time of non-small cell carcinoma was found to get shorter as the degree of pleural invasion and size of pleural invasion increased. Mean survival time was found as 52 months in the group with pleural invasion, while it was found as 70,6 months in the group which did not have pleural invasion. Mean survival times of adenocarcinoma cases with pleural invasion were found as 96 months in PL1, 64 months in PL2 and 37 months in PL3. Mean survival times of squamous cell carcinoma cases with pleural invasion were found as 25 months in PL1, 23 months in PL2 and 14 months in PL3. Mean survival was found as 84 months in stage 1B and 31 months in stage 3A in SCC patients with pleural invasion. In patient group with pleural invasion, stage 1B (%40,4) ranked first in ADC diagnosed patients, while 3A (%36,7) ranked first in SCC diagnosed patients. Lymph node metastasis was found in 36 (%22) of 164 patients who were found to have pleural invasion. Statistically significant association was found between pathological diagnosis and lymph node metastasis (p=0,007<0,05). When compared with adenocarcinoma cases (% 17,3), squamous cell carcinoma cases (%30) were found to have higher lymph node metastasis rate. However, lymph node metastasis was found to be significantly higher in PL3 cases (% 31,4) when compared with others. In pleural invasion group, it was found that the survival of those who underwent sublobar resection was shorter. Degree of pleural invasion (p = 0,028), advanced age (p=0,022) and lymph node involvement (p=0,011) were found as poor diagnostic factors for survival. Conclusion: In non-small cell carcinoma of the lung, increases in the degree and size of pleural invasion are negatively correlated with survival times and this is thought to be associated with advanced stage. Keywords: invasion, non-small cell lung carcinoma, pleura, survival
Introduction: The presence of pleural invasion in lung cancer is a poor prognostic factor. The aim of the study is to evaluate the degree of pleural invasion and the size of pleural invasion in non-small cell lung carcinoma and to compare the relationship of these with tumor stage, tumor diameter and histological sub-type, lymph node metastasis and survival times. Material and Methods: 164 patients who underwent surgical resection with a diagnosis of non-small cell carcinoma and who were found to have pleural invasion histopathologically at Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery between 01.01.2008 and 30.06.2019 were included in the study. Pathology preparations of the patients who were found to have pleural invasion were reviewed and they were evaluated in terms of degree of pleural invasion and size of pleural invasion. 105 patients who underwent surgical resection but who were not found to have pleural invasion histopathologically during the same period were included in the study as control group for survival comparison. Results: Survival time of non-small cell carcinoma was found to get shorter as the degree of pleural invasion and size of pleural invasion increased. Mean survival time was found as 52 months in the group with pleural invasion, while it was found as 70,6 months in the group which did not have pleural invasion. Mean survival times of adenocarcinoma cases with pleural invasion were found as 96 months in PL1, 64 months in PL2 and 37 months in PL3. Mean survival times of squamous cell carcinoma cases with pleural invasion were found as 25 months in PL1, 23 months in PL2 and 14 months in PL3. Mean survival was found as 84 months in stage 1B and 31 months in stage 3A in SCC patients with pleural invasion. In patient group with pleural invasion, stage 1B (%40,4) ranked first in ADC diagnosed patients, while 3A (%36,7) ranked first in SCC diagnosed patients. Lymph node metastasis was found in 36 (%22) of 164 patients who were found to have pleural invasion. Statistically significant association was found between pathological diagnosis and lymph node metastasis (p=0,007<0,05). When compared with adenocarcinoma cases (% 17,3), squamous cell carcinoma cases (%30) were found to have higher lymph node metastasis rate. However, lymph node metastasis was found to be significantly higher in PL3 cases (% 31,4) when compared with others. In pleural invasion group, it was found that the survival of those who underwent sublobar resection was shorter. Degree of pleural invasion (p = 0,028), advanced age (p=0,022) and lymph node involvement (p=0,011) were found as poor diagnostic factors for survival. Conclusion: In non-small cell carcinoma of the lung, increases in the degree and size of pleural invasion are negatively correlated with survival times and this is thought to be associated with advanced stage. Keywords: invasion, non-small cell lung carcinoma, pleura, survival
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