Publication: Ümitvar Bazı Endüstriyel Isırgan Genotiplerinin Doku Kültürü Optimizasyonu ve Hızlı Çoğaltılması
Abstract
Isırgan (Urtica dioica L.) ve Dev Isırgan (Girardinia diversifolia) lif amacıyla yetiştirilen, tekstil, boya, kağıt, gıda ve ilaç sanayisi gibi çok yönlü kullanımı olan bir bitkidir. Bu çalışma ile ümitvar bazı endüstriyel ısırgan genotiplerinin doku kültürü optimizasyonu ve hızlı çoğaltılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada iki Isırgan (Urtica dioica L.) genotpinin ( Urtica dioica 3 ve Urtica dioica 7) yaprak ve boğum eksplantı Dev Isırgan ( Girardinia diversifolia ) yaprak boğum ve tohum eksplant kaynağı olarak kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada tohum sterilizasyon optimizasyonu için farklı oran ve sürelerde etil alkol ve sodyum hidroksitin kullanıldığı protokol uygulanmıştır. Yaprak ve boğum eksplantinin sterilizasyonu için %70'lik etil alkol ve %15 sodyum hidroksit uygulanmıştır. Sterilizasyonu tamamlanan eksplantlar farklı bitki büyüme düzenleyicisi içeren (NAA (0.5 mg/L,1.0 mg/L),IBA(2.0 mg/L,4.0 mg/L) ve TDZ(0,25 mg/L, 0,5 mg/L)) MS ortamına alınmıştır. İn vitro kültür sonun sterilizasyon optimizasyonuna, eksplant kaynağına direkt organogenesis ve indirek oraganogenesis yeteneğine bakılmıştır. Tohum sterilizasyonunda zımparalanmış dev ısırgan tohumları %70 etilkolde 2 dk ve %15 sodyum hipokloritte 5 dk bekletilen protokolde kontaminasyon %10 kadar düşürülmüştür. Urtica diocia 3 ve Urtica dioica 7 yaprak eksplantinden kallus oluşumu gözlenmiştir. En iyi kallus oluşum oranı Urtica dioica 3'ün yaprak eksplantinde %46.67 oranında 2.0 mg/L IBA içeren besi ortamında gözlenmiştir ( Tablo 4.4). Ancak kalluslarda kararma olduğu için bitki üretilememiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda boğum eksplantinde kallus oluşumu gözlenmemiştir. Direk organogenesis'de dev ısırgan 0.5 mg/L NAA içeren MS ortamında köklendirilmiş ve sürgün oluşumu gözlenmiştir. İndirek organogenesis'de hormon ve dozun kallus oluşumu üzerindeki etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek kallus oluşum NAA hormonunun 1.0 mg/L dozunu içeren besi ortamında olmuştur. IBA (4.0 mg/L) ve TDZ(0.25 ve 0.5 mg/L) ortamlarında kallus oluşumu görülmemiştir.
Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) and Giant Nettle (Girardinia diversifolia) are cultivated for fiber and have versatile uses in textile, dyeing, paper, food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was tissue culture optimization and rapid multiplication of some promising industrial nettle genotypes. In the study, leaf and internode explants of two nettle (Urtica dioica L.) genotypes (Urtica dioica 3 and Urtica dioica 7) were used as a source of leaf and internode and seed explants of giant nettle (Girardinia diversifolia). In this study, a protocol using ethyl alcohol and sodyum hydroxide at different ratios and times was applied for seed sterilization optimization. For sterilization of leaf and internode explants, 70% ethyl alcohol and 15% sodyum hydroxide were applied. The sterilized explants were transferred to MS medium containing different plant growth regulators (NAA (0.5 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L), IBA (2.0 mg/L, 4.0 mg/L) and TDZ (0.25 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L)). At the end of in vitro culture, sterilization optimization, direct organogenesis and indirect organogenesis ability of the explant source were examined. In seed sterilization, contamination was reduced to 10% in the protocol in which sanded giant nettle seeds were soaked in 70% ethyl alcohol for 2 min and 15% sodyum hypochlorite for 5 min. Callus formation was observed from Urtica dioica 3 and Urtica dioica 7 leaf explants. The best callus formation rate of 46.67% was observed in the leaf explant of Urtica dioica 3 on medium containing 2.0 mg/L IBA ( Table 4.4). However, the plant could not be produced due to blackening of the callus. As a result of the study, callus formation was not observed in the internode explant. In direct organogenesis, giant nettle was rooted in MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L NAA and shoot formation was observed. In indirect organogenesis, the effect of hormone and dose on callus formation was significant. The highest callus formation was observed in the medium containing 1.0 mg/L dose of NAA hormone. No callus formation was observed in IBA (4.0 mg/L) and TDZ (0.25 and 0.5 mg/L) media.
Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) and Giant Nettle (Girardinia diversifolia) are cultivated for fiber and have versatile uses in textile, dyeing, paper, food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was tissue culture optimization and rapid multiplication of some promising industrial nettle genotypes. In the study, leaf and internode explants of two nettle (Urtica dioica L.) genotypes (Urtica dioica 3 and Urtica dioica 7) were used as a source of leaf and internode and seed explants of giant nettle (Girardinia diversifolia). In this study, a protocol using ethyl alcohol and sodyum hydroxide at different ratios and times was applied for seed sterilization optimization. For sterilization of leaf and internode explants, 70% ethyl alcohol and 15% sodyum hydroxide were applied. The sterilized explants were transferred to MS medium containing different plant growth regulators (NAA (0.5 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L), IBA (2.0 mg/L, 4.0 mg/L) and TDZ (0.25 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L)). At the end of in vitro culture, sterilization optimization, direct organogenesis and indirect organogenesis ability of the explant source were examined. In seed sterilization, contamination was reduced to 10% in the protocol in which sanded giant nettle seeds were soaked in 70% ethyl alcohol for 2 min and 15% sodyum hypochlorite for 5 min. Callus formation was observed from Urtica dioica 3 and Urtica dioica 7 leaf explants. The best callus formation rate of 46.67% was observed in the leaf explant of Urtica dioica 3 on medium containing 2.0 mg/L IBA ( Table 4.4). However, the plant could not be produced due to blackening of the callus. As a result of the study, callus formation was not observed in the internode explant. In direct organogenesis, giant nettle was rooted in MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L NAA and shoot formation was observed. In indirect organogenesis, the effect of hormone and dose on callus formation was significant. The highest callus formation was observed in the medium containing 1.0 mg/L dose of NAA hormone. No callus formation was observed in IBA (4.0 mg/L) and TDZ (0.25 and 0.5 mg/L) media.
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