Publication: Yer Bademi Sütü Kullanılarak Üretilen Dondurmaların Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Abstract
Bu tez araştırmasında, farklı oranlarda yer bademi sütü ve farklı tatlandırıcı kullanılarak yapılan dondurmaların fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada hazırlanan yer bademi sütü farklı oranda inek sütü ile (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) karıştırılarak dondurmaya işlenmiştir. Dondurma üretiminde stevia ve sakkaroz olmak üzere iki farklı tatlandırıcı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan dondurma örnekleride kurumadde, kül, protein, pH, toplam şeker, yağ, antioksidan kapasitesi, aroma analizi, yağ asidi bileşimi, mineral madde, aminoasit, gibi farklı kimyasal analiziler yapılmıştır. Fiziksel analizler olarak renk analizi, ilk damlama ve erime analizleri, viskozite, tekstür analizleri yapılmıştır. Dondurmaların duyusal analizi panelistler tarafından değerlendirilmiştir. Dondurmalarda yapılan analizler sonucunda kül ve protein miktarı yer bademi sütü oranı arttıkça düştüğü belirlenmiştir. Dondurma örneklerinde kullanılan iki tatlandırıcı arasında toplam şeker ve yağ oranı farklılığı anlamlı bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Dondurma örneklerinin antioksidan kapasitesi, yer bademi oranı arttıkça artış göstermiştir. Manganez, demir ve silsiyum miktarı %100 yer bademi sütünden yapılan dondurma örneklerinde yüksek bulunmuştur. Yer bademi sütünün, inek sütüne ilave edilmesi demir ve manganez miktarını artırmıştır. Yağ asitleri açısından dondurma örneklerinde yer bademi sütü oranının artmasıyla doymamış yağların oranı artmıştır. Viskozite, tekstür, ilk damlama, erime oranı gibi reolojik özellikler yer bademi sütü oranının artışıyla birlikte yükselmiştir. Ayrıca stevia tatlandırıcısının kullanımı dondurmaların reolojik özelliklerini p<0.05 düzeyinde etkilemiştir. Dondurma örneklerinde renk ve görünüş, tat ve kıvam puanları farkı iki tatlandırıcı arasında anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Dondurmalarda yapılan duyusal puanlama sonucunda, %50 oranına kadar yer bademi sütü ilavesi dondurma örneklerinin tat ve kıvamı üzerinde olumsuz bir etkinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Dondurma örneklerinin antioksidan değerleri ve bazı mineral madde değerleri yer bademi sütü oranının artışıyla birlikte artış göstermiştir.
This thesis studied physical, chemical and sensory analyses of ice cream samples made using tiger nut milk and different sweeteners. Prepared tiger nut milk was mixed with cow's milk in different ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) and ice cream samples were processed. Two different sweeteners, stevia and sucrose, were used in production. Dry matter, ash, protein, pH, total sugar content, fat, antioxidant capacity, aroma analysis, fatty acid content, mineral substance, amino acid¸ color, first dripping time, melting analyses, viscosity, and texture were analyzed. The sensory analysis of the ice cream samples was evaluated by the panelists. As a result of the analysis, the amount of ash and protein decreased as the amount of tiger nut milk increased. The difference in total sugar and fat properties between the two sweeteners used in the ice cream samples was significant (P<0.05). The antioxidant capacity increased as the amount of tiger nut milk increased. Manganese, iron, and silicon content were found to be high in samples made from 100% tiger nut milk. The addition of tiger nut milk to cow's milk increased the amount of iron and manganese. In terms of fatty acids, the ratio of unsaturated fats increased with the increase in the ratio of tiger nut milk. In rheological analyses¸ the increase in the ratio of tiger nut milk caused an increase in the values. In addition, stevia sweetener used in ice cream samples was found to be effective on the rheology properties (p<0.05). The difference in sensory properties of ice cream samples was significant between the two sweeteners (p<0.05). The addition of tiger nut milk did not have a negative effect on the taste and consistency up to 50%. Also¸ addition of tiger nut milk increased the antioxidant capacity and enriched the samples in terms of some mineral substances.
This thesis studied physical, chemical and sensory analyses of ice cream samples made using tiger nut milk and different sweeteners. Prepared tiger nut milk was mixed with cow's milk in different ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) and ice cream samples were processed. Two different sweeteners, stevia and sucrose, were used in production. Dry matter, ash, protein, pH, total sugar content, fat, antioxidant capacity, aroma analysis, fatty acid content, mineral substance, amino acid¸ color, first dripping time, melting analyses, viscosity, and texture were analyzed. The sensory analysis of the ice cream samples was evaluated by the panelists. As a result of the analysis, the amount of ash and protein decreased as the amount of tiger nut milk increased. The difference in total sugar and fat properties between the two sweeteners used in the ice cream samples was significant (P<0.05). The antioxidant capacity increased as the amount of tiger nut milk increased. Manganese, iron, and silicon content were found to be high in samples made from 100% tiger nut milk. The addition of tiger nut milk to cow's milk increased the amount of iron and manganese. In terms of fatty acids, the ratio of unsaturated fats increased with the increase in the ratio of tiger nut milk. In rheological analyses¸ the increase in the ratio of tiger nut milk caused an increase in the values. In addition, stevia sweetener used in ice cream samples was found to be effective on the rheology properties (p<0.05). The difference in sensory properties of ice cream samples was significant between the two sweeteners (p<0.05). The addition of tiger nut milk did not have a negative effect on the taste and consistency up to 50%. Also¸ addition of tiger nut milk increased the antioxidant capacity and enriched the samples in terms of some mineral substances.
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