Publication: Farklı Toprak Tuzluluğu Koşullarında Prolin ve Hümik Asit Uygulamalarının Buğdayın Fide Gelişimi ve Antioksidan Enzim Aktivitelerine Etkileri
Abstract
Bu çalışma, sera koşullarında buğday fidelerinin morfolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal değişimleri üzerine etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Deneme, kontrol, prolin, hümik asit ve hümik asit x prolin kombinasyonu olmak üzere dört farklı uygulama konusu ve 0.28, 4.17, 9.33 ve 15.23 dSm-1 olmak üzere dört farklı toprak tuzluluğu seviyesinde yürütülmüştür. Toprak tuzluluğunun artmasıyla birlikte bitki yaş ağırlığı ve kök yaş ağırlığı değişim göstermiştir. En yüksek bitki yaş ağırlığı değerleri (16.37 gr), (Pro+HA)xS1 uygulamasından elde edilmiştir, bu da prolin ve hümik asit kombinasyonunun bitki büyümesini olumlu yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Kök yaş ağırlığı ise S1 (0.28 dsm-1) toprak tuzluluğu ile Prolin ve Pro+HA uygulamalarında en yüksek bulunmuştur, bu da belirli uygulamaların kök gelişimini artırıcı etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapraklardaki klorofil ve karotenoid içeriği, toprak tuzluluğu arttıkça azalmıştır, bu da bitkilerin fotosentez kapasitesinin toprak tuzluluğu ile azaldığını göstermektedir. Enzim aktiviteleri (CAT, GPX, GR, SOD, APx) de toprak tuzluluğuna bağlı olarak değişim göstermiştir. Özellikle, katalaz (CAT), glutatyon peroksidaz (GPX) ve glutatyon redüktaz (GR) ve süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) enzim aktiviteleri toprak tuzluluğunun artmasıyla artarken, askorbat peroksidaz (APx) enzim aktiviteleri azalmıştır. Bu durum, toprak tuzluluğunun bitkisel antioksidan savunma mekanizmalarını etkilediğini ve bitkilerin stresle başa çıkma yeteneğini değiştirdiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, malondialdehit (MDA) ve prolin düzeyleri de toprak tuzluluğu artışıyla birlikte artmıştır. Uygulanan Pro+HA kombinasyonunun, kontrol uygulamasına kıyasla prolin konsantrasyonunu %35,44 oranında iyileştirdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, belirli ön işlemlerin bitkisel stresle başa çıkma yeteneğini artırabileceğini ve bitkilerin tuz stresine karşı daha dirençli hale getirilebileceğini düşündürmektedir. Sonuç olarak, toprak tuzluluğunun buğday fidelerinin morfolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreleri üzerindeki etkileri belirlenmiş olup, prolin ve hümik asit ön işleminin bu etkileri azaltabileceği önerilmiştir.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of humic acid on morphological, physiological and biochemical changes of wheat seedlings under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted with four different treatments (control, proline, humic acid and humic acid x proline combination) and four different soil salinity levels (0.28, 4.17, 9.33 and 15.23 dSm-1). Plant wet weight and root wet weight changed with increasing soil salinity. The highest plant wet weight values (16.37 g) were obtained from (Pro+HA)xS1 treatment, indicating that the combination of proline and humic acid positively affected plant growth. Root wet weight was highest in S1 (0.28 dsm-1 ) soil salinity and Prolin and Pro+HA treatments, indicating that certain treatments have an effect on root growth. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in leaves decreased with increasing soil salinity, indicating that photosynthetic capacity of plants decreased with soil salinity. Enzyme activities (CAT, GPX, GR, SOD, APx) also showed changes depending on soil salinity. In particular, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities increased with increasing soil salinity, while ascorbate peroxidase (APx) enzyme activities decreased. This indicates that soil salinity affects plant antioxidant defence mechanisms and alters the ability of plants to cope with stress. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline levels increased with increasing soil salinity. It was observed that the applied Pro+HA combination improved the proline concentration by 35.44% compared to the control treatment. These results suggest that certain pretreatments can increase the ability of plants to cope with stress and make them more resistant to salt stress. In conclusion, the effects of soil salinity on morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of wheat seedlings were determined and it was suggested that proline and humic acid pretreatment could reduce these effects.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of humic acid on morphological, physiological and biochemical changes of wheat seedlings under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted with four different treatments (control, proline, humic acid and humic acid x proline combination) and four different soil salinity levels (0.28, 4.17, 9.33 and 15.23 dSm-1). Plant wet weight and root wet weight changed with increasing soil salinity. The highest plant wet weight values (16.37 g) were obtained from (Pro+HA)xS1 treatment, indicating that the combination of proline and humic acid positively affected plant growth. Root wet weight was highest in S1 (0.28 dsm-1 ) soil salinity and Prolin and Pro+HA treatments, indicating that certain treatments have an effect on root growth. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in leaves decreased with increasing soil salinity, indicating that photosynthetic capacity of plants decreased with soil salinity. Enzyme activities (CAT, GPX, GR, SOD, APx) also showed changes depending on soil salinity. In particular, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities increased with increasing soil salinity, while ascorbate peroxidase (APx) enzyme activities decreased. This indicates that soil salinity affects plant antioxidant defence mechanisms and alters the ability of plants to cope with stress. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline levels increased with increasing soil salinity. It was observed that the applied Pro+HA combination improved the proline concentration by 35.44% compared to the control treatment. These results suggest that certain pretreatments can increase the ability of plants to cope with stress and make them more resistant to salt stress. In conclusion, the effects of soil salinity on morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of wheat seedlings were determined and it was suggested that proline and humic acid pretreatment could reduce these effects.
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