Prognostic and Diagnostic Value of Systemic Inflammatory Blood Markers (NLR, MLR, PLR, AISI, SIRI, and SII) in Feline Arterial Thromboembolism

Abstract

Feline Arterial Thromboembolism (FATE) is a challenging problem that requires urgent intervention. This study evaluated inflammatory markers' prognostic value in feline arterial thromboembolism (FATE), a devastating cardiac complication often necessitating euthanasia. We analysed inflammatory ratios (NLR, MLR, PLR, AISI, SIRI, SII) and echocardiographic measurements in FATE cats (n = 25) versus controls (n = 10). FATE patients demonstrated significantly elevated inflammatory markers and cardiac measurements. NLR showed strong correlation with cardiac parameters including LAMAX (r = 0.629), LA:Ao ratio (r = 0.489), IVSD (r = 0.422), and LVPWD (r = 0.607). Other inflammatory ratios similarly correlated with cardiac measurements. NLR emerged as the most accurate diagnostic biomarker (AUC = 1.000). Median survival time was 334 days overall. Cats with LAMAX >18 mm showed reduced survival (213 vs. 333 days). High NLR (>8) was associated with dramatically shortened survival (51 days) compared to moderate (5-8; 174 days) and low NLR (<5; 457 days). Elevated inflammatory markers (NLR >2, MLR >0.15, PLR >80, AISI >276, SIRI >1.08, SII >441) indicate poor prognosis. These accessible biomarkers may assist clinicians in emergency diagnosis confirmation and prognostication of FATE patients.