Publication: Samsun Ekolojik Şartlarında Kışlık ve Yazlık Ekilen Bezelye (Pisum Sativum L.) Genotiplerinde Tohuma Uygulanan Hümik Asidin Bitki Gelişimi ve Verimi Üzerine Etkisi
Abstract
Bu araştırmada hümik asit ile muamele edilen bezelye tohumlarının laboratuvarda çimlenme hızı/gücü ve kışlık ve erken ilkbahar ekimlerinde bitki gelişimi ve verimlerini belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Tarla denemeleri 2018-2019 yetiştirme sezonunda, 9 hat ve 2 ticari bezelye çeşidi ile kurulmuştur. Çimlendirme çalışmaları ise 4 ayrı deneme halinde herbir seferde yapılanın sonucundan hareketle diğer deneme planlanarak yürütülmüştür. Çimlendirme denemelerinde çimlenmeye etki eden en uygun hümik asit dozları, çözeltide bekletme süresi ve genotip ilişkisini belirlemek için çimlenme hızı ve gücü değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Tarla denemelerinde tohuma uygulanan hümik asitin uygulamada yararlılığının olup olmadığını ve taze ve kuru tane amaçlı en uygun çeşide aday hatların verim ve verim özelliklerinin tespiti hedeflenmiştir. Hümik asit olarak leonardit menşeli, sıvı halde ticari bir firma ürünü (Black Strong HUM VET) kullanılmıştır. Hümik asit dozu firma önerisi doğrultusunda 100 kg tohuma 1000ml hesabıyla uygulanmıştır. Kullanılan bu HA'in içeriği; toplam organik madde %13, toplam hümik ve fülvik asitler %18, suda çözünür potasyum oksit % 3.9, pH 8-10' dur. Laboratuvar denemelerinin tamamı tesadüf parselleri deneme deseninde yürütülmüştür. Tarla denemeleri ise 3 tekrarlamalı Şerit Parsel (Bölünmüş Bloklar) deneme desenine göre yürütülmüştür. Dikey şeritlere hümik asit uygulaması yatay şeritlere ise bezelye genotipleri yerleştirilmiştir. Kışlık tarla denemesi 10 kasım 2018 tarihinde, yazlık olarak nitelendirilen erken ilkbahar denemesi ise 2 şubat 2019 tarihlerinde ekilmiştir. Denemede ekim sıklığı; sıralar arası mesafe 60 cm ve sıra üzeri 10 cm olacak şekilde ayarlanmıştır. Deneme sonucunda dekara tane verimi 254-305 kg arasında, protein oranları %26.2-30.5 ve 1000 tane ağırlığı 156.3-273.0 gr arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Çimlendirme çalışmaları sonucunda bezelyede tohuma hümik asit uygulamasının çimlenme yeteneği açısından herhangi bir kazanıma sahip olmadığı görülmüştür. Bakla sayısı, bitkide meyve verimi, taze iç ağırlığı, 9.5-8.5 mm tane iriliği, biyolojik verim, kuru tane verimi ve yağ oranı özellikleri kışlık ekimlerde daha yüksek değerler vermiştir. Bakla uzunluğu, kül oranı ve lif oranı ise erken ilkbahar ekim sonucunda daha yüksek değerlere ulaşmıştır. B16 ve B32 genotipleri incelenen özellikler bakımından en dikkat çekici hatlar olmuştur.
This study was carried out to determine the germination rate of pea seeds treated with humic acid originating from leonardite in the laboratory, and plant growth and yields in winter and summer sowing. Experiments were established in the 2018-2019 growing season with 9 lines and 2 commercial pea cultivars. Germination studies were carried out in 4 separate trials, by planning another trial based on the result of what was done at each time. It was aimed to determine the practical usefulness of humic acid applied to the seed in field trials and to determine the yield and yield components of the most suitable candidate lines for fresh and dry seed. All laboratory experiments were carried out in a randomized plot design. On the other hand, field trials were carried out according to the 3 replication Strip Plot design. Humic acid was applied to vertical strips and pea genotypes were placed to horizontal strips. The winter field trial was planted on November 10, 2018, and the early spring trial, which is described as summer, was planted on February 2, 2019. Sowing density in the experiment; The distance between the rows was 60 cm and the row spacing was 10 cm. As a result of the experiment, the grain yield per decare ranged between 254-305 kg, the protein ratios varied between 26.2-30.5% and the 1000 grain weight between 156.3-273.0 g. As a result of the germination studies, it was seen that the application of humic acid to the seed did not have any gain in terms of germination ability. The number of pods, fruit yield per plant, fresh kernel weight, 9.5-8.5 mm grain size, biological yield, dry grain yield and oil content gave higher values in winter plantings. The pod length, ash ratio and fiber ratio reached higher values as a result of early spring planting. B16 and B32 genotypes were the most attention lines in terms of the traits examined.
This study was carried out to determine the germination rate of pea seeds treated with humic acid originating from leonardite in the laboratory, and plant growth and yields in winter and summer sowing. Experiments were established in the 2018-2019 growing season with 9 lines and 2 commercial pea cultivars. Germination studies were carried out in 4 separate trials, by planning another trial based on the result of what was done at each time. It was aimed to determine the practical usefulness of humic acid applied to the seed in field trials and to determine the yield and yield components of the most suitable candidate lines for fresh and dry seed. All laboratory experiments were carried out in a randomized plot design. On the other hand, field trials were carried out according to the 3 replication Strip Plot design. Humic acid was applied to vertical strips and pea genotypes were placed to horizontal strips. The winter field trial was planted on November 10, 2018, and the early spring trial, which is described as summer, was planted on February 2, 2019. Sowing density in the experiment; The distance between the rows was 60 cm and the row spacing was 10 cm. As a result of the experiment, the grain yield per decare ranged between 254-305 kg, the protein ratios varied between 26.2-30.5% and the 1000 grain weight between 156.3-273.0 g. As a result of the germination studies, it was seen that the application of humic acid to the seed did not have any gain in terms of germination ability. The number of pods, fruit yield per plant, fresh kernel weight, 9.5-8.5 mm grain size, biological yield, dry grain yield and oil content gave higher values in winter plantings. The pod length, ash ratio and fiber ratio reached higher values as a result of early spring planting. B16 and B32 genotypes were the most attention lines in terms of the traits examined.
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