Publication: Domuz Ayrığı (Dactylis Glomerata L.) ve Kamışsı Yumak (Festuca Arundinacea Schreb.)'da Atılacak Tohum Miktarı, Azotlu Gübreleme ve Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyicilerinin Tohum Verimi ve İlgili Parametrelere Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Abstract
Bu araştırma 2021-2023 yılları arasında Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü'nün Samsun/Çarşamba'da bulunan Ambar Köprü deneme istasyonu arazisinde doğal vejetasyonlardan toplanan domuz ayrığı ve kamışsı yumak populasyonlarında tohum üretiminin arttırılması amacıyla 3 tekrarlamalı olarak 'Tesadüf Bloklarında Bölünen Bölünmüş Parseller' deneme deseninde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 5 farklı tohum miktarı (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 kg/da), 3 farklı azot dozu (0, 6, 12 kg/da) ve paclobutrazol etken maddeli bitki büyüme düzenleyicisinin (uygulanan, uygulanmayan) yer almaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, çıkış hızı (gün), SPAD klorofil miktarı, Bayrak yaprak alan miktarı (cm2/bitki), bin tane ağırlığı (g), hasat indeksi (%), tohum verimi (kg/da) ve on bitki ölçümlerinde; bitki boyu (cm), ana sap kalınlığı (mm), boğum arası uzunluk (mm), ana saptaki boğum sayısı (adet), ana saptaki salkım ekseni uzunluğu (cm) incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, bitki büyüme düzenleyicisinin kamışsı yumakta ortalama %14 oranında tohum verimini arttırırken, domuz ayrığı üzerine etkisi olumsuz bulunmuştur. Bitki büyüme düzenleyicisinin her iki bitkide incelenen parametrelerden bitki boyu, boğum arası uzunluğunu azaltırken, kamışsı yumakta ana sap kalınlığı, hasat indeksini arttırmış, domuz ayrığında ise bin tane ağırlığı ve SPAD klorofil miktarının arttığı saptanmıştır. Azot (N)xTohumluk miktarı (TM) interaksiyonu incelendiğinde; kamışsı yumak bitkisinde tohum verimi, ana saptaki salkım ekseni uzunluğu, boğum sayısı, bayrak yaprak alan miktarı, hasat indeksi, SPAD klorofil miktarı çok önemli bulurken, bitki boyu, ana sap kalınlığı, bin tane ağırlığı önemli, boğum arası uzunluk önemsiz bulunmuştur. Domuz ayrığı bitkisinde bitki boyu, tohum verimi, ana saptaki salkım ekseni uzunluğu, boğum sayısı, bin tane ağırlığı, Bayrak yaprak alan miktarı, hasat indeksi çok önemli bulunurken, ana sap kalınlığı önemli, boğum arası uzunluk, SPAD klorofil miktarı önemsiz bulunmuştur. Kamışsı yumakta tohum verimini artışı için bitki büyüme düzenleyici uygulaması ile birlikte 6 kg/da azot dozu ve 1,1.5, 2.5 kg/da tohumluk miktarlarının, domuz ayrığı için dekara 6 kg azot dozunda ve 2, 2.5 kg/da tohumluk miktarlarında kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
This research was conducted between 2021 and 2023 at the Ambar Köprü experimental station located in Samsun/Çarşamba, under the auspices of the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute, with the aim of increasing seed production in orchard grass and tall fescue populations collected from natural vegetation. The experiment was designed in a 'Split-Split Plot Randomized Complete Block' pattern with three replications. In the study, 5 different seed amounts (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 kg/ha), 3 different nitrogen doses (0, 6, 12 kg/ha) and plant growth regulator with paclobutrazol active ingredient (applied, not applied) were included. In this study, parameters such as emergence rate (days), SPAD chlorophyll content, leaf area (cm2/plant), thousand grain weight (g), harvest index (%), seed yield (kg/da), and measurements of ten plants, including plant height (cm), main stem diameter (mm), internode length (mm), number of nodes on the main stem, and length of the inflorescence axis on the main stem (cm), were examined. According to the results obtained, plant growth regulator increased the seed yield of tall fescue by 14% on average, while its effect on orchard grass was negative. The plant growth regulator reduced plant height and internode length in both plants, while it increased main stem diameter and harvest index in tall fescue; however, in orchard grass, it was observed to increase thousand grain weight and SPAD chlorophyll content. When examining the Nitrogen (N) x Seed Amount (SA) interaction, in tall fescue, seed yield, length of the inflorescence axis on the main stem, number of nodes, leaf area, harvest index, and SPAD chlorophyll content were found to be highly significant, while plant height, main stem diameter, thousand grain weight were significant, and internode length was found to be insignificant. In orchard grass, plant height, seed yield, length of the inflorescence axis on the main stem, number of nodes, thousand grain weight, leaf area, and harvest index were found to be highly significant, while main stem diameter was significant, and internode length, and SPAD chlorophyll content were found to be insignificant. It was concluded that 6 kg/ha nitrogen dose and 1, 1.5, 2.5 kg/ha seed amounts together with plant growth regulator application can be used to increase seed yield in tall fescue, while 6 kg nitrogen dose and 2, 2.5 kg/ha seed amounts can be used for orchard grass.
This research was conducted between 2021 and 2023 at the Ambar Köprü experimental station located in Samsun/Çarşamba, under the auspices of the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute, with the aim of increasing seed production in orchard grass and tall fescue populations collected from natural vegetation. The experiment was designed in a 'Split-Split Plot Randomized Complete Block' pattern with three replications. In the study, 5 different seed amounts (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 kg/ha), 3 different nitrogen doses (0, 6, 12 kg/ha) and plant growth regulator with paclobutrazol active ingredient (applied, not applied) were included. In this study, parameters such as emergence rate (days), SPAD chlorophyll content, leaf area (cm2/plant), thousand grain weight (g), harvest index (%), seed yield (kg/da), and measurements of ten plants, including plant height (cm), main stem diameter (mm), internode length (mm), number of nodes on the main stem, and length of the inflorescence axis on the main stem (cm), were examined. According to the results obtained, plant growth regulator increased the seed yield of tall fescue by 14% on average, while its effect on orchard grass was negative. The plant growth regulator reduced plant height and internode length in both plants, while it increased main stem diameter and harvest index in tall fescue; however, in orchard grass, it was observed to increase thousand grain weight and SPAD chlorophyll content. When examining the Nitrogen (N) x Seed Amount (SA) interaction, in tall fescue, seed yield, length of the inflorescence axis on the main stem, number of nodes, leaf area, harvest index, and SPAD chlorophyll content were found to be highly significant, while plant height, main stem diameter, thousand grain weight were significant, and internode length was found to be insignificant. In orchard grass, plant height, seed yield, length of the inflorescence axis on the main stem, number of nodes, thousand grain weight, leaf area, and harvest index were found to be highly significant, while main stem diameter was significant, and internode length, and SPAD chlorophyll content were found to be insignificant. It was concluded that 6 kg/ha nitrogen dose and 1, 1.5, 2.5 kg/ha seed amounts together with plant growth regulator application can be used to increase seed yield in tall fescue, while 6 kg nitrogen dose and 2, 2.5 kg/ha seed amounts can be used for orchard grass.
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