Publication: Çarşamba Ovası Sulu Koşullarında Bazı Baklagil Yem Bitkilerinin Yeşil Gübre Olarak Kullanıldıklarında, Kendilerini İzleyen Mısır ve Ayçiçeğinin Verim ve Kalitesine Etkileri Üzerinde Bir Araştırma
Loading...
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract
Bu çalışma, 1995-1997 yılları arasında Çarşamba Ovası sulu koşullarında, kışlık ara ürün olarak yetiştirilebilecek en uygun baklagil yembitkisinin yem ve yeşil gübre değerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, 'tesadüf blokları' deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak planlanmıştır. Denemede, iki farklı gömme şekli ile yeşil gübreleme amacıyla kullanılan 7 değişik baklagil yembitkisi (anadolu üçgülü, mürdümük, yem baklası, koca fiğ, ak acı bakla, yem bezelyesi ve adi fiğ), tütün tozu (500 kg/da) ve çeltik kavuzu (500 kg/da), 10 ve 20 kg/da azotlu gübre dozu ile kontrol parselinden oluşan toplam 19 değişik işlem ele alınmıştır. Birinci yeşil gübreleme şeklinde, yeşil gübre bitkileri tüm aksamları ile, ikincisinde ise baklagillerin otu kaldırıldıktan sonra kalan kök+anız örtüsü toprağa karıştırılmıştır. Denemede, yeşil gübrelemeden sonra yetiştirilen yazlık ana ürün mısır ve ayçiçeği bitkilerinde en yüksek tane verimi koca fiğ ve adi fiğin tüm aksamları ile toprağa karıştırıldığı yeşil gübreleme uygulamalarından (mısırda, 974.2 ve 963.3 kg/da; ayçiçeğinde, 493.8 ve 492.5 kg/da) elde edilmiştir. Bu yeşil gübre bitkileri, mısırda sırasıyla % 51.7 ve % 50.0, ayçiçeğinde ise sırasıyla % 36.8 ve % 36.4'lük verim artışları sağlamıştır. Söz konusu yeşil gübreleme işlemlerinin ana ürünlerde sağladığı bu yüksek verimlerin, dekara 10 ve 20 kg azotlu gübreleme ile elde edilen verimlere eşdeğer olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada iki yılın ortalamasına göre, en yüksek kuru ot verimi; gerek mısır+yeşil gübreleme+mısır üretim sisteminde, gerekse mısır+yeşil gübreleme+ayçiçeği üretim sisteminde koca fiğ bitkisinden (sırasıyla 358.4 ve 360.9 kg/da) elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca, bölgenin önemli tarımsal atıklarından olan çeltik kavuzunun ana ürünlerde verime etkisinin olmadığı, tütün tozunun ise gübre olarak değerlendirilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. İki yıllık bu araştırma sonucunda, bölgede kışlık ara devrede, yeşil gübreleme uygulamalarının, hem toprak verimliliğini ve hem de ana ürünlerin verim ve kalitesiniIV artırıcı etkisinden dolayı, mutlaka uygulanması gerektiği, bu amaçla da koca fiğ ve adi fiğ bitkisinin kullanılabileceği önerilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Yeşil gübreleme, mısır, ayçiçeği, tütün tozu, çeltik kavuzu
This study, was carried out to determine the feeding and green manure values of the most suitable forage legumes for growing as winter catch crop under irrigated conditions of the Çarşamba Plain between 1995-1997. The study was planned as 'randomized block' design with three replications. The research was consisted of 19 different treatments, including 7 different legume forage crops (persian clover, chickling vetch, broad bean, narbonne vetch, white lupin, field pea and common vetch; with 2 embedding forms used for green manuring), tobacco dust (500 kg/da) and rice chaff (500 kg/da), 10 and 20 kg/da N doses and control plot. While in first embedding form all parts of the legume plants was embedded, in the second embedding form root+stubble cover remained after cutting was given under the soil. In this study, the highest grain yield at corn and sunflower, growed as summer main crop after green manuring was obtained from green manuring practices in which narbonne vetch and common vetch were embedded complately (on corn, 974.2 kg/da and 963.3 kg/da; on sunflower, 493.8 kg/da and 492.5 kg/da). These green manure plants increased the yield of maize 51.7 and 50.0 % and of sunflower as 36.8 and 36.4 %, respectively. It was determined that these high yields on main crops after green manuring, equal to the yields after 10 kg and 20 kg nitrogenous fertilizer applications per decare. In the study, the mean of two year the highest hay yield, both green manure+ maize and green manure+sunflower systems, was obtained from narbonne vetch (respectively, 358.4 and 360.9 kg/da). In addition to these results, it was observed that there is no important effect of rice chaff to yield of main crops, and tobacco dust will be used as green manure. As a result, it was absolutely suggested that green manure applications should be done in interval period of winter, because of increasing the soil productivity, yield and quality of main crops. The best plants are narbonne vetch and common vetch for green manuring.Key Words: Green manure, maize, sunflower, tobacco dust, rice chaff.
This study, was carried out to determine the feeding and green manure values of the most suitable forage legumes for growing as winter catch crop under irrigated conditions of the Çarşamba Plain between 1995-1997. The study was planned as 'randomized block' design with three replications. The research was consisted of 19 different treatments, including 7 different legume forage crops (persian clover, chickling vetch, broad bean, narbonne vetch, white lupin, field pea and common vetch; with 2 embedding forms used for green manuring), tobacco dust (500 kg/da) and rice chaff (500 kg/da), 10 and 20 kg/da N doses and control plot. While in first embedding form all parts of the legume plants was embedded, in the second embedding form root+stubble cover remained after cutting was given under the soil. In this study, the highest grain yield at corn and sunflower, growed as summer main crop after green manuring was obtained from green manuring practices in which narbonne vetch and common vetch were embedded complately (on corn, 974.2 kg/da and 963.3 kg/da; on sunflower, 493.8 kg/da and 492.5 kg/da). These green manure plants increased the yield of maize 51.7 and 50.0 % and of sunflower as 36.8 and 36.4 %, respectively. It was determined that these high yields on main crops after green manuring, equal to the yields after 10 kg and 20 kg nitrogenous fertilizer applications per decare. In the study, the mean of two year the highest hay yield, both green manure+ maize and green manure+sunflower systems, was obtained from narbonne vetch (respectively, 358.4 and 360.9 kg/da). In addition to these results, it was observed that there is no important effect of rice chaff to yield of main crops, and tobacco dust will be used as green manure. As a result, it was absolutely suggested that green manure applications should be done in interval period of winter, because of increasing the soil productivity, yield and quality of main crops. The best plants are narbonne vetch and common vetch for green manuring.Key Words: Green manure, maize, sunflower, tobacco dust, rice chaff.
Description
Tez (doktora) –Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 1997
Libra Kayıt No: 31461
Libra Kayıt No: 31461
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
133
