Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Enterobacterales From Organic and Conventional Chicken Meats

Abstract

This study was conducted to isolate and identify extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales in conventional and organic chicken meats, which were sold in Turkey. A total of 200 raw chicken meat sample (100 conventional and 100 organic) were used as material. Classic culture technique based on chromogenic method was used for the isolation of bacteria, and the identification was performed with VITEK MS. Phenotypic ESBL production was detected by combined disc diffusion method. Gene regions responsible for ESBL production were determined by PCR. MIC values of isolates were detected by VITEK 2. Phenotypic ESBL-producing Enterobacterales were detected in 46% of conventional chicken meats and in 22% of organic chicken meats. Of the 115 isolates obtained, 97 (84%) were Escherichia coli, 12 (10%) were Klebsiella pneumoniae, four (3 center dot 48%) were Serratia fonticola, one (0 center dot 87%) was Rahnella aquatilis, and one (0 center dot 87%) was Serratia liquefaciens. PCR analysis revealed that 109 of 115 isolates (94 center dot 78%) contained at least one of the bla(CTX-M), bla(TEM), and bla(SHV) genes. Of the 115 ESBL-producing isolates, 103 (89 center dot 57%) were found resistant to at least one antibiotic except for the beta-lactam group. The contamination level of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales was higher in conventional chicken meats (P < 0 center dot 001).