Publication: 2007 ve 2018 Deprem Yönetmelikleri Işığında Betonarme Minarelerin Zemin-Yapı Etkileşimi Göz Önünde Bulundurularak Projelendirilmesi
Abstract
Değişen deprem yönetmeliği ile yeni bir boyut kazanan betonarme yapı tasarımı minareler açısından belirsizliğini korumaktadır. Bina türü olmayan yapılara özel yönetmelikler çıkana kadar kullanılacak olan yönetmelik 18.03.2018 tarihinde Resmi Gazete'de yayınlanan, 01.01.2019 tarihinde yürürlüğe giren Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği'dir. 2018 deprem yönetmeliğinin bize getirdiği yeniliklerden birisi değişen deprem tehlike haritasıdır. Önceki yönetmelik (2007) ile bölgesel olarak tanımlanan deprem, yeni yönetmelik (2018) ile noktasal olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu durumun doğuracağı sonuçlar merak konusudur. Çalışmada geleneksel bir betonarme minare modelinin yapısal analizi 2007 ve 2018 deprem yönetmelikleri dikkate alınarak zemin-yapı etkileşimli ve zemin-yapı etkileşimsiz olmak üzere farklı zemin sınıfları için gerçekleştirilmiş ve sonuçlar birbirleriyle kıyaslanmıştır. Betonarme minarenin yapısal çözümlenmesi Sta4cad (Structural Analysis For Computer Aided Design) paket programı yardımıyla sonlu elemanlar metodu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapı modal analiz yöntemi ile lineer analiz edilerek, zemin-yapı etkileşiminin; yapı periyotlarını, taban kesme kuvvetlerini, maksimum yerdeğiştirmeleri ve düzlem gerilme değerlerini nasıl etkilediği araştırılmıştır. Her iki yönetmelikte de, zemin-yapı etkileşiminin yapı periyot sürelerinde bir uzamaya yol açtığı, aynı zamanda maksimum yerdeğiştirme ve gerilmelerinde de değişim oluşturduğu gözlemlenmiştir. 2018 deprem yönetmeliği ile yapılan analiz sonuçları, 2007 deprem yönetmeliği ile yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre farklılıklar göstermiştir. Zemin-yapı etkileşimi dikkate alınmadan tasarlanacak bir betonarme minarenin deprem kuvveti geldiğinde hesaplandığı gibi davranamayacağı ortadadır. Çıkan tüm sonuçların yapı donatılandırılmasını etkilediği düşünüldüğünde, doğru projelendirilme yapılabilmesi adına yapı davranışında değişime yol açan zemin-yapı etkileşiminin özellikle yumuşak zeminler için göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
The design of the reinforced concrete structure, which has gained a new dimension with the changing earthquake regulation has remained uncertainty in terms of minarets. The regulation which will be effective until a specific regulation about structures that are not regarded as buildings, comes into force is the 'Structure and Earthquake Regulations of Turkey' coming into force on January 1, 2019 by publishing in 'Turkish Official Newspaper' on March 18, 2019 One of the innovations of earthquake regulation 2018 is the dynamic earthquake hazard map. The earthquake, which is defined as regional by the previous regulation (2007), has been defined as a point with the new regulation (2018). The consequences of this situation are a matter of curiosity. In the study, structural analysis of a traditional model of reinforced concrete minarets was carried out for different soil classes with soil-structure interaction and soil classes without soil-structure interaction considering the 2007 and 2018 earthquake regulations and the results were compared with each other. Structural analysis of the reinforced concrete minarets was carried out by using the finite element method with the help of Sta4cad (Structural Analysis For Computer Aided Design) package program. By analyzing linearly over structure model analysis method, how soil-structure interaction influences structure periods, base shear forces, maximum displacements and plane stress values has been investigated. In both regulations, it has been observed that the soil-structure interaction has caused an extension in the construction periods and has created changes in the maximum displacements and stresses. The results of the analysis conducted with the 2018 earthquake regulation has some differences compared to the results of the analysis of the 2007 earthquake regulation. It is obvious that a reinforced concrete minaret designed without considering soil-structure interaction cannot be as the case when it is exposed to earthquake force. Considering all the results affect the construction of buildings, it is concluded that the soil-structure interaction which causes change in the construction behavior should be considered especially for soft soils in order to be able to make the right project design.
The design of the reinforced concrete structure, which has gained a new dimension with the changing earthquake regulation has remained uncertainty in terms of minarets. The regulation which will be effective until a specific regulation about structures that are not regarded as buildings, comes into force is the 'Structure and Earthquake Regulations of Turkey' coming into force on January 1, 2019 by publishing in 'Turkish Official Newspaper' on March 18, 2019 One of the innovations of earthquake regulation 2018 is the dynamic earthquake hazard map. The earthquake, which is defined as regional by the previous regulation (2007), has been defined as a point with the new regulation (2018). The consequences of this situation are a matter of curiosity. In the study, structural analysis of a traditional model of reinforced concrete minarets was carried out for different soil classes with soil-structure interaction and soil classes without soil-structure interaction considering the 2007 and 2018 earthquake regulations and the results were compared with each other. Structural analysis of the reinforced concrete minarets was carried out by using the finite element method with the help of Sta4cad (Structural Analysis For Computer Aided Design) package program. By analyzing linearly over structure model analysis method, how soil-structure interaction influences structure periods, base shear forces, maximum displacements and plane stress values has been investigated. In both regulations, it has been observed that the soil-structure interaction has caused an extension in the construction periods and has created changes in the maximum displacements and stresses. The results of the analysis conducted with the 2018 earthquake regulation has some differences compared to the results of the analysis of the 2007 earthquake regulation. It is obvious that a reinforced concrete minaret designed without considering soil-structure interaction cannot be as the case when it is exposed to earthquake force. Considering all the results affect the construction of buildings, it is concluded that the soil-structure interaction which causes change in the construction behavior should be considered especially for soft soils in order to be able to make the right project design.
Description
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
127
