Publication: Şeker Pancarı (Beta Vulgaris L.) Soya Fasulyesi (Glycine Max L.) ve Ayçiçeği (Helianthus Annuus L.)'nin Verim ve Bazı Kalite Kriterleri Üzerine Ön Bitkilerin Etkisi
Loading...
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract
Çalışma, 1994 ve 1995 yıllarında Karadeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsünün deneme alanında yürütülmüştür. Deneme yeri toprağı, nötr reaksiyonlu (pH=7.20;7.30), fosfor ve potasyum bakımından zengin, kireç oranı az, organik madde oranı orta düzeyde, killi yapıya sahiptir. Çok yıllık ortalamaya göre yörede yıllık toplam yağış 968.0 mm iken, bu değer denemenin birinci yılında 1051.4 mm, ikinci yılında ise 831.5 mm olmuştur. Deneme yıllarına ait ortalama sıcaklık ve nisbi nem değerleri çok yıllık ortalamalara yakın olarak seyretmiştir. Denemenin ilk yılında yetiştirilmiş olan ön bitkilerin (şeker pancarı, soya fasulyesi, ayçiçeği, yazlık buğday ve mısır) sadece verim değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Asıl ölçüm, gözlem ve analizler denemenin ikinci yılında, tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde 4 tekerrürlü olarak ekilen art bitkiler (şeker pancarı, soya fasulyesi ve ayçiçeği) üzerinde yapılmıştır. 1995 yılında art bitki olarak, şeker pancarı 17 Mayıs, soya fasulyesi 18 Mayıs ve ayçiçeği 20 Mayıs'ta ekilmiştir, çıkış süreleri şeker pancarında 19, soya fasulyesinde 24 ve ayçiçeğinde 15 gün olmuştur, ön bitkiler şeker pancarında kök verimi, şeker verimi, digestion, usarede ve kökte kuru madde, polarizasyon, safiyet ve kül oranı üzerine etkili olmamışlar dır. Soya fasulyesinde tane verimi, yağ verimi, protein verimi, yağ oranı, 1000 tane ağırlığı, bitki boyu, ilk bakla yüksekliği, sap kalınlığı, bitkide bakla sayısı ve baklada tane sayısı üzerine ön bitkilerin etkisi önemsiz olmuştur. Bununla beraber ön bitkilerin protein oranı üzerine etkisi istatistik! anlamda önemli olmuştur (P < 0.05). Şeker pancarından sonra ekilen soya fasulyesinde protein oranının azaldığı (% 35.95) ortaya çıkmıştır. Diğer ön bitkilerden sonra ekilen soya fasulyesindeki protein oranları % 37.7 ile 38.6 arasında değişmiştir. Ayçiçeğinde sap kalınlığı, tabla çapı, yağ oranı ve protein oranı üzerine ön bitkilerin etkisi önemsiz olmuştur.68 ön bitkiler tane verimi ve yağ verimi üzerine çok önemli (P < 0.01), 1000 tane ağırlığı, iç oranı ve bitki boyu üze rine ise önemli (P < 0.05) derecede etkili olmuşlardır. En yüksek tane verimi şeker pancarını takip eden ayçiçeğinden (501.8 kg/da) elde edilmiştir. Diğer ön bitkilerden sonra ekilen ayçiçeğinde tane verimleri 421.8 ile 439.2 kg/da arasında değişmiştir. Tane veriminde olduğu gibi yağ veri minde de en yüksek değer (212.0 kg/da) şeker pancarından sonra ekilen ayçiçeğinde tespit edilmiştir. En fazla 1000 tane ağırlığı (70.78 g) ve iç oranı (% 73.43) ön bitkisi mısır olan ayçiçeğinden elde edilmiştir. Bitki boyuna ait en yüksek değer işe soya fasulyesini takip eden ayçiçeğinde (187.5 cm) tespit edilmiştir.
8. SUMMARY This study was conducted of the research fields of the Biacksea Research Institute in 1994 and 1995. The soil of experimental area is almost neutral in reaction (pH=7.2Q ; 7.30), rich in phosphorus and potassium, poor in lime, middle in organic matter and have a clay texture. Annual rainfall, mean temperature and relative humidity were 968.0 mm, 14.4 °C and 72.9 % in long term compared to 1051.4 and 831.5 mm, 13.35 and 12.89 °C and 77.2 and 76.1 % in 1994 and 1995, respectively, in the region. In the first year of the trial only yields were deter mined for the preceding crops (sugar beet, soybean, sunflo wer, wheat and maize). The main measure, observations and analysis have made in the second year on the sugar beet, soybean and sunflower which were sown in the randomized block design with four replications. Sugar beet, soybean and sunflower were sown at 17*h May, 18th May and 20th May respectively after preceding crops in 1995. Sugar beet was appeared after 19, soybean 24 and sunflower 15 days from sowing time. Preceding crops has not effected root and sugar yield, digestion ratio, dry matter content, polarization, purity and ash ratio of sugar beet. Preceding crops has no effect on the seed, oil and protein yields, oil content, 1000 seeds weight, plant height, first pod height, stem diameter, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod of the soybean. The effect of the preceding plants on the protein content was although signi ficant (P < 0.05). It has been obtained, that the protein content was decreasing (35.95 %) in soybean following sugar beet. The protein contents for the soybeans following the other preceding crops were between 37.7 and 38.6 %. In sunflower, the preceding crops have no effects on stem diameter, head diameter, oil content and protein con tent. The preceding crops have very significant effects (P < 0.01) on seed and oil yield, but their effects (P < 0.05) on 1000-grain weight, kernel percent and plant height. The 70 highest seed yield was obtained from sunflower following sugarbeet (5018 kg/ha). The seed yields of sunflower following the other preceding crops have changed between 4218 and 4392 kg/ha. As in the fact of seed yield, the values for oil yield (2120 kg/ha) were highest for sunflower following sugarbeet. The highest 1000-grain weight (70.78 g) and kernel percent (73.43 %) was obtained from the maize- sunflower application. In point of plant height the highest value was obtained (187.5 cm) from sunflower following soybean.
8. SUMMARY This study was conducted of the research fields of the Biacksea Research Institute in 1994 and 1995. The soil of experimental area is almost neutral in reaction (pH=7.2Q ; 7.30), rich in phosphorus and potassium, poor in lime, middle in organic matter and have a clay texture. Annual rainfall, mean temperature and relative humidity were 968.0 mm, 14.4 °C and 72.9 % in long term compared to 1051.4 and 831.5 mm, 13.35 and 12.89 °C and 77.2 and 76.1 % in 1994 and 1995, respectively, in the region. In the first year of the trial only yields were deter mined for the preceding crops (sugar beet, soybean, sunflo wer, wheat and maize). The main measure, observations and analysis have made in the second year on the sugar beet, soybean and sunflower which were sown in the randomized block design with four replications. Sugar beet, soybean and sunflower were sown at 17*h May, 18th May and 20th May respectively after preceding crops in 1995. Sugar beet was appeared after 19, soybean 24 and sunflower 15 days from sowing time. Preceding crops has not effected root and sugar yield, digestion ratio, dry matter content, polarization, purity and ash ratio of sugar beet. Preceding crops has no effect on the seed, oil and protein yields, oil content, 1000 seeds weight, plant height, first pod height, stem diameter, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod of the soybean. The effect of the preceding plants on the protein content was although signi ficant (P < 0.05). It has been obtained, that the protein content was decreasing (35.95 %) in soybean following sugar beet. The protein contents for the soybeans following the other preceding crops were between 37.7 and 38.6 %. In sunflower, the preceding crops have no effects on stem diameter, head diameter, oil content and protein con tent. The preceding crops have very significant effects (P < 0.01) on seed and oil yield, but their effects (P < 0.05) on 1000-grain weight, kernel percent and plant height. The 70 highest seed yield was obtained from sunflower following sugarbeet (5018 kg/ha). The seed yields of sunflower following the other preceding crops have changed between 4218 and 4392 kg/ha. As in the fact of seed yield, the values for oil yield (2120 kg/ha) were highest for sunflower following sugarbeet. The highest 1000-grain weight (70.78 g) and kernel percent (73.43 %) was obtained from the maize- sunflower application. In point of plant height the highest value was obtained (187.5 cm) from sunflower following soybean.
Description
Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 1996
Libra Kayıt No: 37173
Libra Kayıt No: 37173
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
89
