Publication: Hidrojen-Brom Akış Pilleri için Yüksek Performanslı ve Dayanıklı Elektrotların B N Katkılı Karbon Siyahı Yapılar ile Geliştirilmesi
Abstract
Şebeke ölçeğindeki güneş ve rüzgar gibi aralıklı enerji üreten (kesintili) sistemlerin taleplerini karşılamak için sisteme bir enerji depolama biriminin entegrasyonu şarttır. Enerji depolama sistemlerinin yaygınlaşması için maliyeti düşürecek yenilikçi fikirler ile sistematik çalışmaların desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında bir enerji depolama sistemi olan ve elektriksel enerjiyi bünyesinde kimyasal enerji olarak depolayabilen H2/Br2 akış pili sistemi için maliyet düşürme ve performans artırma çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Bir akış hücresinin maliyetinin kayda değer bir miktarını elektrotlar (katalizör tabakası ve gaz difüzyon katmanı) oluşturmaktadır. Hidrojen-brom akış pili sisteminin ticarileştirilebilmesi için maliyetin düşürülmesi ve uzun dönem performansının iyileştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ilk aşama grafit keçe, SGL 10AA ve Toray TGP-H-090 elektrotlara asidik, asidik ve termal modifikasyon uygulanmıştır. Yüzey modifikasyonu yapılan elektrotlar incelendiğinde modifikasyonun etkisi net bir şekilde gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan yapısal karakterizasyonlar ve tek hücreli pil testi sonucunda asidik ve termal modifikasyon uygulanmış SGL 10AA elektrotun en yüksek performansa sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Asidik ve termal modifikasyon uygulanmış SGL 10AA elektrotun maksimum güç yoğunluğu 0,60 W/cm2'dir. İşlem görmemiş elektrot ile karşılaştırıldığında performansın %140 artmıştır. İkinci aşama olarak platin içermeyen düşük maliyetli bor ve azot içeren katot katalizörleri başarıyla sentezlenmiştir. Karbon yapıya azot yüklemesi yüksek sıcaklıkta yapılırken, bor yükleme işlemi hidrotermal olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Azot ve bor içeren karbon yapılar karşılaştırıldığında N-Vulcan XC-72'nin en iyi katalitik aktiviteyi gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
The integration of an energy storage unit is essential to meet the demands of intermittent energy generating systems such as solar and wind in the grid scale. In order for energy storage systems to become widespread, systematic studies should be supported with innovative ideas that will reduce costs. Within the scope of this study, cost reduction and performance improvement studies were carried out for the H2/Br2 flow battery system, which is an energy storage system and can store electrical energy as in the form of chemical energy. Electrodes (catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer) make up a considerable amount of the cost of a flow battery. In order to commercialize the hydrogen-bromine flow battery system, it is necessary to reduce the cost and improve the long-term performance. In this study, acidic, acidic and thermal modification was applied to the first stage graphite felt, SGL 10AA and Toray TGP-H-090 electrodes. When the electrodes with surface modification were examined, the effect of the modification was clearly observed. As a result of structural characterizations and single cell flow battery battery test, it has been determined that SGL 10AA electrode with acidic and thermal modification has the highest performance. The maximum power density of SGL 10AA electrode with acidic and thermal modification is 0.60 W/cm2. Compared to the untreated electrode, the performance has increased by 140%. As a second step, platinum-free low cost boron and nitrogen-containing cathode catalysts have been successfully synthesized. While nitrogen loading to the carbon structure was carried out at high temperature, boron loading was carried out hydrothermally. When nitrogen and boron containing carbon structures were compared, it was found that N-Vulcan XC-72 showed the best catalytic activity.
The integration of an energy storage unit is essential to meet the demands of intermittent energy generating systems such as solar and wind in the grid scale. In order for energy storage systems to become widespread, systematic studies should be supported with innovative ideas that will reduce costs. Within the scope of this study, cost reduction and performance improvement studies were carried out for the H2/Br2 flow battery system, which is an energy storage system and can store electrical energy as in the form of chemical energy. Electrodes (catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer) make up a considerable amount of the cost of a flow battery. In order to commercialize the hydrogen-bromine flow battery system, it is necessary to reduce the cost and improve the long-term performance. In this study, acidic, acidic and thermal modification was applied to the first stage graphite felt, SGL 10AA and Toray TGP-H-090 electrodes. When the electrodes with surface modification were examined, the effect of the modification was clearly observed. As a result of structural characterizations and single cell flow battery battery test, it has been determined that SGL 10AA electrode with acidic and thermal modification has the highest performance. The maximum power density of SGL 10AA electrode with acidic and thermal modification is 0.60 W/cm2. Compared to the untreated electrode, the performance has increased by 140%. As a second step, platinum-free low cost boron and nitrogen-containing cathode catalysts have been successfully synthesized. While nitrogen loading to the carbon structure was carried out at high temperature, boron loading was carried out hydrothermally. When nitrogen and boron containing carbon structures were compared, it was found that N-Vulcan XC-72 showed the best catalytic activity.
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