Publication: Investigation of Convertibility of Macroalgae Ulva Lactuca Into Biofuels by Hydrothermal Liquefaction Method
Abstract
Bu tez çalışmasında, makroalg türü olan Ulva lactuca (UL)'nın hidrotermal sıvılaştırma (HTL) yöntemi ile biyoyakıtlara dönüştürülebilirliği araştırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, sıcaklık etkisi (250-350 C aralığında), farklı biyokütle:su (1:3, 1:6, 1:9) oranları ve alıkonma sürelerinin (15-60 dk aralığı) etkileri incelenmiştir. Farklı parametreler kullanılarak, optimum HTL koşulları belirlenmiş ve bu koşullarda katalizör etkisi incelenmiştir. HTL işlemiyle elde edilen katı ve sıvı biyoyakıtlar elementel analiz, termik analiz (TG/DTA/DTG) ve FTIR yöntemleriyle karakterize edilmiştir. Katalizör olarak, FeSO4.7H2O, K2CO3, KOH ve H3BO3 seçilmiştir. HTL işleminde katalizör kullanılması, katalizörsüz duruma göre biooil verimini önemli ölçüde arttırmış (%20'den %31'e) ve hidrokok verimlerini ise düşürmüştür (%33'den %20'ye). En yüksek üst ısıl değeri (HHV, 31,70 MJ/kg) FeSO4.7H2O katalizörü ilavesi ile elde edilmiştir.
In this study, convertibility of macroalgae species Ulva lactuca (UL) into biofuels by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) method has been investigated. In the scope of study, the effects of temperature effect (between 250 and 350 °C), different biomass:water ratio (1:3, 1:6, 1:9) and retention times (range 15-60 min) were investigated. Optimum HTL conditions were determined with using different parameters, and the catalyst effect was investigated in these conditions. Solid and liquid biofuels obtained by the HTL process are characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis (TG/DTA/DTG) and FTIR methods. FeSO4.7H2O, K2CO3, KOH and H3BO3 were chosen as catalyst. The use of catalyst in the HTL process significantly increased biooil yield (from 20% to 31%) and reduced hydrochar yield (from 33% to 20%) when compared to process without catalyst. The highest higher heating value (HHV, 31.70 MJ/kg) was obtained by the addition of FeSO4.7H2O catalyst.
In this study, convertibility of macroalgae species Ulva lactuca (UL) into biofuels by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) method has been investigated. In the scope of study, the effects of temperature effect (between 250 and 350 °C), different biomass:water ratio (1:3, 1:6, 1:9) and retention times (range 15-60 min) were investigated. Optimum HTL conditions were determined with using different parameters, and the catalyst effect was investigated in these conditions. Solid and liquid biofuels obtained by the HTL process are characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis (TG/DTA/DTG) and FTIR methods. FeSO4.7H2O, K2CO3, KOH and H3BO3 were chosen as catalyst. The use of catalyst in the HTL process significantly increased biooil yield (from 20% to 31%) and reduced hydrochar yield (from 33% to 20%) when compared to process without catalyst. The highest higher heating value (HHV, 31.70 MJ/kg) was obtained by the addition of FeSO4.7H2O catalyst.
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