Publication: Seçim Anketi Sonuçları ile Oy Verme Davranışı Arasındaki İlişkide Politik Gelişmişliğin Rolü
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, seçim anketi sonuçları ile oy verme davranışı arasındaki ilişkide politik gelişmişliğin rolünün incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel hipotezi, politik gelişmişliğin, maruz kalınan seçim anketi sonucu ile oy verme kararı arasındaki ilişkide aracı role sahip olduğudur. Bulabildiğine örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak 463 adet T.C. seçmenine ulaşılarak veri toplanmıştır. Kurgusal seçim senaryoları ve anket verileri kullanılarak seçmen davranışları analiz edilmiş ve deneysel bir desen kullanılmıştır. Örneklem büyüklüğü 419 olan bu çalışma çevrimiçi bağlantı yoluyla uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları; erkek katılımcıların politik gelişmişlik düzeyinin kadın katılımcılara kıyasla daha yüksek olduğunu; yaş ile politik gelişmişlik düzeyi arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu, eğitim düzeyi ile politik gelişmişlik düzeyi arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu; maruz kalınan anket sonucu türü ile oy verme davranışı arasındaki ilişkide politik gelişmişliğin anlamlı bir aracılık rolüne sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Katılımcılar, kendileriyle aynı görüşteki adayın kazanacağına işaret eden seçim anketi sonucuna maruz kaldıkları koşulda, büyük bir çoğunlukla kendileriyle aynı görüşteki adaya oy vermiş ve oy verme nedeni olarak adayın kendileriyle aynı görüşte olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Buna karşın, karşıt görüşteki adayın kazanacağına işaret eden seçim anketi sonucuna maruz kaldıklarında katılımcılar, karşıt görüşteki adaya anlamlı düzeyde daha fazla oy vermiş ve oy verme nedeni olarak kazanacak tarafta yer almak istediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Bu durum, seçim anketi sonuçlarının, partizanlık dışındaki önemli bir oy verme motivasyonu olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bütün bu bilgiler ışığında, seçim anketlerinin kazanacağını öngördüğü popüler adayların, bandwagon etkisiyle, kararsız seçmenlerce daha fazla benimsenmesinin, politik bağlamda gözlemlenen bir konformite örneği olduğu söylenebilir.
In this study, the role of political sophistication in the relationship between election poll results and voting behavior is examined. The main hypothesis of the study is that political sophistication acts as a mediator in the relationship between exposure to election poll results and voting decisions. Data were collected from 463 Turkish voters using convenience sampling method. Voter behaviors were analyzed using fictional election scenarios and survey data, employing an experimental design. This study, with a sample size of 419, was conducted online. The analysis results indicated that male participants have a higher level of political sophistication compared to female participants; there is a significant and positive relationship between age and political sophistication level; and there is a significant and positive relationship between education level and political sophistication level. Additionally, political sophistication has a significant mediating role in the relationship between the type of poll result exposure and voting behavior. Participants who were exposed to election poll results indicating that a candidate with the same views as them would win predominantly voted for the candidate who shared their views and stated that their reason for voting was the alignment of views. Conversely, when exposed to election poll results indicating that a candidate with opposing views would win, participants significantly more often voted for the opposing candidate and stated that their reason for voting was a desire to be on the winning side. This indicates that election poll results are an important motivation for voting beyond partisanship. In light of all this information, it can be said that the acceptance of popular candidates predicted to win by election polls, due to the bandwagon effect, is an example of conformity observed in the political context.
In this study, the role of political sophistication in the relationship between election poll results and voting behavior is examined. The main hypothesis of the study is that political sophistication acts as a mediator in the relationship between exposure to election poll results and voting decisions. Data were collected from 463 Turkish voters using convenience sampling method. Voter behaviors were analyzed using fictional election scenarios and survey data, employing an experimental design. This study, with a sample size of 419, was conducted online. The analysis results indicated that male participants have a higher level of political sophistication compared to female participants; there is a significant and positive relationship between age and political sophistication level; and there is a significant and positive relationship between education level and political sophistication level. Additionally, political sophistication has a significant mediating role in the relationship between the type of poll result exposure and voting behavior. Participants who were exposed to election poll results indicating that a candidate with the same views as them would win predominantly voted for the candidate who shared their views and stated that their reason for voting was the alignment of views. Conversely, when exposed to election poll results indicating that a candidate with opposing views would win, participants significantly more often voted for the opposing candidate and stated that their reason for voting was a desire to be on the winning side. This indicates that election poll results are an important motivation for voting beyond partisanship. In light of all this information, it can be said that the acceptance of popular candidates predicted to win by election polls, due to the bandwagon effect, is an example of conformity observed in the political context.
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