Publication: Deneysel Testis Torsiyonlu Sıçanlarda Kök Hücre Uygulamasının Etkinliği
Abstract
Amaç:Testis torsiyonu, çocukluk yaş grubunda diğer yaş gruplarından daha sık görülmektedir. Testisin dolaşımı bozulmadan detorsiyone edilememesi durumunda nekroz gelişmekte ve geri dönüşümsüz hasara neden olabilmektedir. Testis torsiyonuna bağlı iskemi durumunda kök hücre uygulamasının, diğer dokularda olduğu gibi doku yenilenmesinde etkin olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Bunun doğrulanması durumunda bir sağlık sorunu olmanın yanı sıra sosyal açıdan da önemi olan fertilizasyon ve hormonlar açısından büyük önem taşıyan testis korunmuş olabilecektir. Bu çalışmada sıçanlarda deneysel oluşturulmuş testis torsiyonunda Mezenkimal Kök Hücre (MKH) uygulamasının, doku onarımındaki katkısının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem:Beş adet yetişkin Wistar albino dişi sıçandan kemik iliği alındı ve hücre kültüründe MKH üretildi. Üreyen bu hücrelerin immünfenotipik olarak MKH ile uyumlu olduğu flowsitometri incelemesi ile doğrulandı.Her grupta 7 adet 50 günlük prepubertal Wistar albino erkek sıçan bulunan 3 deney grubu hazırlandı. Tüm gruplarda sağ skrotal vertikal kesi sonrası sağ testis saat yönünde 3.5 tur döndürülüp dartos fasyasına 2 adet sütürle fiske edildi ve kesi kapatıldı. 24 saat sonra detorsiyon amaçlı tekrar operasyon uygulandı.Grup 1 ( Sham grubu) : Bu grupta torsiyon - detorsiyon sonrası herhangi bir enjeksiyon uygulanmadı.Grup 2 (Serum Fizyolojik Enjeksiyon Grubu): Bu grupta torsiyon sonrası detorsiyon ve testis içine 0.5 ml serum fizyolojik enjeksiyonu yapıldı.Grup 3 (MKH Enjeksiyon Grubu):Bu grupta detorsiyon sonrası, MKH ile uyumlu olan kök hücreler 2x 10 6/ ml içerecek şekilde 0,5 ml olarak insülin enjektörü iğnesi ile testis içine enjekte edildi.Tüm gruplardaki sıçanlar, genç erişkin dönemi olan detorsiyon sonrası 25. günde öldürülerek, skrotal kesi ile testis araştırması yapıldı. Makroskopik olarak testis ya da benzer doku bulunanlardan bu doku histopatolojik inceleme için alındı. Testisi tamamen atrofi olanlara laparotomi yapılarak batın içi de arandı, ancak orada da bulunamamsı üzerine hemiskrotumları inceleme için çıkarıldı. Spesmenler boin solüsyonunda histopatolojik inceleme için Patoloji Anabilim dalına iletildi. Histopatolojik incelemede Modifiye Johnsen skorlaması kullanıldı.Bulgular:Makroskopik olarak,Sham grubunda 1 testiste hipoplazi, 2 testiste abse, 3 testiste nekroz ( Bu grupta bir sıçanın testisi skrotumdan batın içine kaçmış olduğu için çalışma dışı bırakıldı.),SF enjeksiyonu grubunda 3 testiste abse, 4 testisde atrofisi,MKH enjeksiyonu grubunda 1 testis normale yakın görünüm, 1 testiste doku bütünlüğü kaybolmuş, 5 testisde hipoplazi görüldü.Mikroskopik inceleme sonucu elde edilen Modifiye Johnsen skorlarının Sham, SF ve MKH gruplarındaki medyan değerleri, sırası ile 1, 0 ve 3 bulundu. Makroskopik, mikroskopik ve Modifiye Johnsen skorlaması sonuçlarında Sham ve SF grubu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p>0.05). Sham ile MKH ve SF ile MKH grupları arasında ise istatistiksel anlamlı farklılık mevcuttu (p<0.05).Sonuç:MKH enjeksiyonu sonrası, diğer iki gruptan farklı olarak, nekroza uğramış testislerde histopatolojik değerlendirmede sınırlı da olsa spermogenetik aktivite gösteren hücreler tespit edilmiştir. Gelecekte bu sonuçlara göre, testis torsiyonu sonrası oluşan doku kayıpları için kök hücre enjeksiyonu umut verici bir tedavi modeli olabilir.
AimTestis torsion is more frequent in childhood than adulthood. In case of inproper detorsion, necrosis and irreversible testicular damage may occur. Recovery of testicular tissue may be possible by stem cell application as the case in some other ischemic conditions. If the recovery by stem cells would be successed in this necrotic conditions, many health problems and social problems such as infertilization and hormonal imbalance would be solved. In this study, we aimed to evaluate protective effects of mesenchimal stem cell (MSC) in rats with experimental testis torsion.Material and methodsBone marrow was collected from five adult Wistar albino rats and MSC was produced in cell culture. These produced cells were verified immunophenotypicaly as MSC by flowcytometry.We constructed 3 experimental groups consisting of 7 rats of fifty days old. In all rats, testis was torsioned by 3½ rotation through vertical scrotal insicion and fixed to the dartos fascia. After 24 hours, scrotal incision was reopened for detorsion.Group 1 (Sham group): There was no injection after torsion/detrosion at all.Group 2 (SF group) : Torsion was performed. After the detorsion 0.5 ml normal saline was injected into the testis.Group 3 (MSC group) : Torsion was performed, 0.5 ml stem cell adapted with MSC containing 2x106 cell / ml was injected into the testis after detorsion.All rats were killed 25th day of detorsion. We collected testis or its remnants for histopathological study if they were seen macroscopically. When testis was not found in scrotum, we observed intraabdominal area. In case, testis was not found both in scrotum and abdomen, hemiscrotum was resected for histopathological inspection. All specimens were fixed in bovin solution. Histopathological study was performed by modified Johnsen scoring.ResultsMacroscopically, in sham group, there was one testicular hypoplasia, two testicular abcesses, and three testicular necrosis. In SF group, there was three testicular abcesses, four testicular atrophies. In MSC group, one testis seemed to be normal, one testis lost its tissue integrity, and there were five testicular hypoplasias. Microscopically, the median modified Johnsen scores were 1, 0, and 3 in Sham, SF, and, MSC groups respectively. According to macroscopic, microscopic, and modified Johnsen scores results, there was no statistical significance between Sham and SF groups (p> 0.05). There was statistical significance between Sham and MSC (p<0.05). We also found statistical significance between SF and MSC groups (p<0.05).ConclusionWe detected limited spermogenetic activity in necrotic testis as histopathologically in MSC group. This activity was not found in other two groups. According to our results, stem cell injection would be a source of protection of testicular tissue in case of testis torsion.
AimTestis torsion is more frequent in childhood than adulthood. In case of inproper detorsion, necrosis and irreversible testicular damage may occur. Recovery of testicular tissue may be possible by stem cell application as the case in some other ischemic conditions. If the recovery by stem cells would be successed in this necrotic conditions, many health problems and social problems such as infertilization and hormonal imbalance would be solved. In this study, we aimed to evaluate protective effects of mesenchimal stem cell (MSC) in rats with experimental testis torsion.Material and methodsBone marrow was collected from five adult Wistar albino rats and MSC was produced in cell culture. These produced cells were verified immunophenotypicaly as MSC by flowcytometry.We constructed 3 experimental groups consisting of 7 rats of fifty days old. In all rats, testis was torsioned by 3½ rotation through vertical scrotal insicion and fixed to the dartos fascia. After 24 hours, scrotal incision was reopened for detorsion.Group 1 (Sham group): There was no injection after torsion/detrosion at all.Group 2 (SF group) : Torsion was performed. After the detorsion 0.5 ml normal saline was injected into the testis.Group 3 (MSC group) : Torsion was performed, 0.5 ml stem cell adapted with MSC containing 2x106 cell / ml was injected into the testis after detorsion.All rats were killed 25th day of detorsion. We collected testis or its remnants for histopathological study if they were seen macroscopically. When testis was not found in scrotum, we observed intraabdominal area. In case, testis was not found both in scrotum and abdomen, hemiscrotum was resected for histopathological inspection. All specimens were fixed in bovin solution. Histopathological study was performed by modified Johnsen scoring.ResultsMacroscopically, in sham group, there was one testicular hypoplasia, two testicular abcesses, and three testicular necrosis. In SF group, there was three testicular abcesses, four testicular atrophies. In MSC group, one testis seemed to be normal, one testis lost its tissue integrity, and there were five testicular hypoplasias. Microscopically, the median modified Johnsen scores were 1, 0, and 3 in Sham, SF, and, MSC groups respectively. According to macroscopic, microscopic, and modified Johnsen scores results, there was no statistical significance between Sham and SF groups (p> 0.05). There was statistical significance between Sham and MSC (p<0.05). We also found statistical significance between SF and MSC groups (p<0.05).ConclusionWe detected limited spermogenetic activity in necrotic testis as histopathologically in MSC group. This activity was not found in other two groups. According to our results, stem cell injection would be a source of protection of testicular tissue in case of testis torsion.
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