Publication: Kronik İdiyopatik Trombositopenik Purpuralı Hastaların Retrospektif Analizi
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Amaç: İmmun trombositopenik purpura (İTP) düşük trombosit sayısı ve genellikle mukokutanöz kanamalar ile karakterize, diğer trombositopeni yapan nedenlerin dışlanması ile tanı konabilen akkiz, otoimmün bir hastalıktır. Erişkin hastalarda, ilk tedavi olarak kortikosteroid, intvenöz immunglobulin (IVIg) tedavisi kullanılır. Tedaviye yanıtsız kalanlarda da splenektomi yapılır. Bu tedavi yaklaşımlarına yanıt alınamayan ya da uygun olmayan hastalar için immunsüpresif tedavi ve/veya danazol gibi tedavi seçenekleri gündeme gelir. Bu tez çalışmasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İç Hastalıkları Hematoloji polikliniğine başvuran 150 hasta retrospektif olarak incelenerek hastalığın demografik özellikleri, verilen tedaviler ve tedavi yanıtların incelenmesi amaçlandı.Materyal Metod: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi İç Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı Hematoloji Polikliniğine Nisan 2003 ve Şubat 2010 yılları arasında başvurmuş ve İTP tanısı almış hastaların dosyaları incelendi. 150 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Her hastanın yaşı, cinsiyeti, tanı tarihi, sahip olduğu diğer hastalıklar, şikayeti, fizik muayene bulguları, beyaz küre sayısı, hemoglobin değeri, ortalama trombosit volumü (mpv), biyokimya testleri, hepatit B ve hepatit C serolojisi, kollejen doku hastalıkları için antinükleer antikor (ANA), çift sarmallı DNA antikoru (AntidsDNA) testleri kaydedildi. Hastaların tanı tarihinde ki trombosit değeri, verilen tedaviler, tedavide alınan cevaplar, remisyon oranları, splenektomi yapılma oranı, splenektomiye alınan cevap, immun süpresif tedavi seçenekleri ve alınan cevap değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Çalışmamızdaki hastaların yaş ortalaması 44 olarak bulundu. Kadın erkek oranı 2,57 olarak tespit edildi. Olguların % 34 (51 hastada)'ünde, kanama şikayeti olmadan, insidental olarak trombositopeni tesbit edilmiştir. Çalışma süresi boyunca takipte 21 (%14) hasta için tedavi verilme endikasyonu yoktu. Yetmiş altı (%73) hasta da tam remisyon elde edildi. Yüksek doz steroid tedavisi ile standart doz steroid tedavisi alınan cevaplar karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p=0,59). Çalışmamızda 58 (% 38) hastada ortalama 2,5 yıl içinde nüks gelişti. Hastaların %56'ında ilk bir yılda nüks gelişti. Otuz sekiz (% 25) hastaya splenektomi uygulandı. Splenektomi sonrası 34 (%89) hastada tam remisyon elde edildi. Ancak takipte 12 hastada nüks gelişti. Yedi hasta, verilen steroid tedavisine cevapsız olunca üçüncü basamak tedavi aldı. Yirmi yedi (%71) hasta çalışma süresi boyunca tam remisyonda idi. Çalışmamızda 13 hastada stereoid tedavisi ve splenektomiye rağmen ciddi trombositopeni devam etti. İki hasta tüm tedavilere dirençli olduğundan intrakraniyal kanama sonucu vefat etti.Sonuç: İTP kliniği ile başvuran hastalarda öykü, muayene ve laboratuar ile diğer trombositopeni nedenlerinin dışlanması mümkündür. Etkili ve ekonomik tedavilerin tercih edilmesi ile İTP'ye bağlı morbidite ve mortalitenin önüne geçilmesi sağlanmış olacaktır. İTP'de tedavi küratif değildir. Palyatiftir. Yüzde 10 oranında kronik refrakter İTP görülmektedir. Yeni tedavi seçenekleri (trombopoietin reseptör agonisti ve anti-CD 20 monoklonal antikor tedavisi ) için daha çok çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.Anahtar Kelimeler: İdiyopatik trombositopenik purpura, standart doz stereoid tedavisi, yüksek doz stereoid tedavisi, splenektomi, klinik.
Aim: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired aoutoimmune disease usually characterized by low platelet count and mucocutaneous bleeding and diagnosis is made by exclusion of other thrombocytopenic disorders. In adult patients the first line treatment of ITP is corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). Splenectomy is performed in refractory patients. For patients considered not suitable or do not well respond to these approaches, immunosuppressive therapy and/or other options like danazole come into play.Matherials and Methods: Records of the patients admitted to Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology and diagnosed with ITP between April 2003 and February 2010 were reviewed. One hundred and fifty patients are included. Age, gender, date of diagnosis, other dieases, complaints, physical examination findings, white blood cell counts, hemoglobin values, mean platelet volume (MPV), biochemical tests, hepatitis B and C serologies, antinuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody levels for connective tissue diseases were recorded. Platalet counts at the time of diagnosis, administered therapies, responses, remission rates, splenectomy rates, responses to splenectomy, immunosuppressive therapy options and responses were reviewed.Results: In our study, the mean age of the patiens was 44. Female-male ratio was 2,57. Thrombocytopenia was incidentally detected, without any sign of bleeding, in 34% of the cases (51 patients). During the study period 14% (21) of the patients had no indication for treatment in the follow up. Seventy six (73%) of the patients were in complete remission with first treatment. High dose steroid therapy had no significant benefit over the standart dose therapy (p=0,59). In our study, 58 (38%) of the patients had relapse in 2,5 years. Fiftysix % of the patients had relapse in one year. Ninety eight patients had complete remission with the first therapy and splenectomy. Thirty eight patients underwent splenectomy. Complete response was achieved in thirty four patients. Relapse was observed in twelve patients. Seven patients did not response to the relapse treatment and received third line therapy. During the study period 27 (%71) patiens had complete remission after splenectomy. Severe thrombocytopenia persisted despite steroid therapy and splenectomy in 13 patients. Two patients died from intracranial bleeding because of resistance to all treatment options.Conclusion: With the history, physical examination and laboratory findings other causes of thrompocytopenia can be excluded in the patients who were admitted with the clinic of ITP. With the use of effective and economic therapy regimens, the morbidity and the mortality of ITP can be prevented. Treatment is not curative in ITP. It is paliative. Chronic refractory ITP is observed in %10. Further studies are needed to assess the new treatment options (thrombopoietin receptor agonist and anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibody therapy).Keywords: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, standart dose steroid therapy, high dose steroid therapy, splenectomy, clinic.
Aim: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired aoutoimmune disease usually characterized by low platelet count and mucocutaneous bleeding and diagnosis is made by exclusion of other thrombocytopenic disorders. In adult patients the first line treatment of ITP is corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). Splenectomy is performed in refractory patients. For patients considered not suitable or do not well respond to these approaches, immunosuppressive therapy and/or other options like danazole come into play.Matherials and Methods: Records of the patients admitted to Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology and diagnosed with ITP between April 2003 and February 2010 were reviewed. One hundred and fifty patients are included. Age, gender, date of diagnosis, other dieases, complaints, physical examination findings, white blood cell counts, hemoglobin values, mean platelet volume (MPV), biochemical tests, hepatitis B and C serologies, antinuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody levels for connective tissue diseases were recorded. Platalet counts at the time of diagnosis, administered therapies, responses, remission rates, splenectomy rates, responses to splenectomy, immunosuppressive therapy options and responses were reviewed.Results: In our study, the mean age of the patiens was 44. Female-male ratio was 2,57. Thrombocytopenia was incidentally detected, without any sign of bleeding, in 34% of the cases (51 patients). During the study period 14% (21) of the patients had no indication for treatment in the follow up. Seventy six (73%) of the patients were in complete remission with first treatment. High dose steroid therapy had no significant benefit over the standart dose therapy (p=0,59). In our study, 58 (38%) of the patients had relapse in 2,5 years. Fiftysix % of the patients had relapse in one year. Ninety eight patients had complete remission with the first therapy and splenectomy. Thirty eight patients underwent splenectomy. Complete response was achieved in thirty four patients. Relapse was observed in twelve patients. Seven patients did not response to the relapse treatment and received third line therapy. During the study period 27 (%71) patiens had complete remission after splenectomy. Severe thrombocytopenia persisted despite steroid therapy and splenectomy in 13 patients. Two patients died from intracranial bleeding because of resistance to all treatment options.Conclusion: With the history, physical examination and laboratory findings other causes of thrompocytopenia can be excluded in the patients who were admitted with the clinic of ITP. With the use of effective and economic therapy regimens, the morbidity and the mortality of ITP can be prevented. Treatment is not curative in ITP. It is paliative. Chronic refractory ITP is observed in %10. Further studies are needed to assess the new treatment options (thrombopoietin receptor agonist and anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibody therapy).Keywords: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, standart dose steroid therapy, high dose steroid therapy, splenectomy, clinic.
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Tez (tıpta uzmanlık) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2011
Libra Kayıt No: 76890
Libra Kayıt No: 76890
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