Publication: Kirazlarda Göz Yönetiminin Büyüme ve Gelişme Üzerine Etkisi
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Meyvecilikte budamanın faydaları anlaşıldıktan sonra ağaçlar budanmaya başlanmış ve daha sonra bazı terbiye sistemleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bodur anaçların keşfedilmesiyle birçok budama yöntemi ve modern terbiye sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Bu terbiye sistemleri oluşturulurken; belli büyüklüğe ulaşmış sürgünler üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Ağacın enerjisini alan bu sürgünler, kanopinin oluşma süresini geciktirmekte, ağacın daha geç meyveye yatmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle son yıllarda, bu sürgünlerin tomurcuk aşamasında yönetilmesi üzerinde durulmaktadır. Ağacın daha erken şeklini alması için lider üzerindeki gözlerde yapılan seçme, çıkarma vb. işlemlere göz yönetimi denir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de ilk kez kirazlarda göz yönetiminin etkinliğinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla '0900 Ziraat/MxM 60', 'Sweetheart/MxM 60', '0900 Ziraat/Gisela 5' ve 'Regina/Gisela 6' çeşit-anaç kombinasyonlarında 'Göz yönetimi' tekniğinin uygulanabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada Vogel Merkezi Lider terbiye sistemi kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma 2010-2014 yılları arasında Samsun'da yürütülmüştür. Denemede kombinasyonlara ait fenolojik gözlemler (tomurcuk patlaması, ilk ve tam çiçeklenme, hasat), ağaçların gövde çapları ve boyları, lider üzerindeki birincil dalların çapları, boyları ve sayıları, budanan kütle miktarları, tek yıllık sürgünlerin çapları ve boyları, iki ve daha yaşlı dalların sayıları, tacın uzunluğu ve genişliği, ağaç ve taç hacmi gibi ağaç ölçüm değerleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda göz yönetiminin; lider boyunca ve her yönde istenen miktarda homojen bir dallanma sağladığı, daha az boşlukla ve daha kısa sürede iyi bir kanopi oluşturduğu, daha kısa ve homojen sürgün oluşumu sağladığı, kiraz için meyve anlamına gelen 2 ve daha yaşlı dal sayılarını artırdığı belirlenmiştir.
After the benefits of pruning in the production of fruits were realized trees started to be pruned and later some training systems were developed. After the discovery of dwarf rootstocks several pruning methods and modern training systems were developed. While forming these training systems branches that had reached a certain size were studied. These branches would steal the nutrition of the tree and so delayed the formation of the canopy, and caused the tree to bear fruit later. So, in recent years studies have focused on the management of the buds of these branches. Bud management is the name given to such practices as debudding and selection upon buds for the tree to grow into its most productive shape. This study aims to be the first to determine effectiveness of bud management on the sweet cherry. Within mind the '0900 Ziraat/MxM 60', 'Sweetheart/MxM 60', '0900 Ziraat/Gisela 5' and 'Regina/Gisela 6' combinations of variety- rootstock was researched using the bud management technique. In the study the Vogel Central Leader training system was used as a control. The study was carried out in Samsun between 2010 and 2014. In the experiment the phenological observations of the combinations (such as bud break, first and full flowering, harvest) and tree values (such as the diameter and height of the stem, the diameter, height and number of the first branches from the trunk, the amount of pruned branch mass, the diameter and height of a one year old branch, the number of 2 year and older branches, length and width of the canopy and the volume of the tree and the canopy) were determined. The experiment that but management resulted in a homogeneous amount of branching along the trunk and on even side, that there was less empty space in the canopy, that a healthy canopy formed in a shorter period, that the branches were shorter and more homogeneous, that there was an increase in 2 year and older branches that can yield fruit.
After the benefits of pruning in the production of fruits were realized trees started to be pruned and later some training systems were developed. After the discovery of dwarf rootstocks several pruning methods and modern training systems were developed. While forming these training systems branches that had reached a certain size were studied. These branches would steal the nutrition of the tree and so delayed the formation of the canopy, and caused the tree to bear fruit later. So, in recent years studies have focused on the management of the buds of these branches. Bud management is the name given to such practices as debudding and selection upon buds for the tree to grow into its most productive shape. This study aims to be the first to determine effectiveness of bud management on the sweet cherry. Within mind the '0900 Ziraat/MxM 60', 'Sweetheart/MxM 60', '0900 Ziraat/Gisela 5' and 'Regina/Gisela 6' combinations of variety- rootstock was researched using the bud management technique. In the study the Vogel Central Leader training system was used as a control. The study was carried out in Samsun between 2010 and 2014. In the experiment the phenological observations of the combinations (such as bud break, first and full flowering, harvest) and tree values (such as the diameter and height of the stem, the diameter, height and number of the first branches from the trunk, the amount of pruned branch mass, the diameter and height of a one year old branch, the number of 2 year and older branches, length and width of the canopy and the volume of the tree and the canopy) were determined. The experiment that but management resulted in a homogeneous amount of branching along the trunk and on even side, that there was less empty space in the canopy, that a healthy canopy formed in a shorter period, that the branches were shorter and more homogeneous, that there was an increase in 2 year and older branches that can yield fruit.
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Tez (doktora) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2016
Libra Kayıt No: 90142
Libra Kayıt No: 90142
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