Publication: Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkilerde Yabancı Otlarla Mücadelede Kimyasal Mücadeleye Alternatif Yöntemlerin Saptanması
Abstract
Yabancı otlarla rekabet, bütün kültür bitkilerinde olduğu gibi tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler üzerinde de olumsuz etkiler yapmaktadır. Yabancı otlar tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin ürün verimi ve kalitesi üzerinde önemli ölçüde kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Bu tezin amacı tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerde sorun olan ve önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden olan yabancı otların mücadelesinde uygulanacak alternatif yöntemleri saptamaktır. Bu amaçla Mersin ilinin Silifke ilçesinde 840 m²lik alana adaçayı (Salvia officinalis L.), 1260 m²lik alana İzmir kekiği (Origanum onites L.) ve 1181 m²lik alana biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) ekimi yapılmıştır. Ekimi yapılan bu alalarda yabancı otların tür bazında sayımları için 1 m²'lik çerçeveler kullanılmış ve m²'deki yabancı ot yoğunluğu tespit edilmiştir. Yabancı otlarla mücadele çalışmalarında adaçayı, kekik ve biberiye ekili alanlarda iki farklı inorganik (jüt ve agril), üç farklı organik (saman, talaş ve yerfıstığı kabuğu) olmak üzere 5 farklı malç materyali kullanılmıştır. İnorganik materyaller toprak yüzeyine döşenmiş, orgnanik materyaller ise toprak yüzeyine serpilmiş ve tırmıkla toprağa karıştırılmıştır. Deneme deseni her bitki için (adaçayı, kekik ve biberiye) kontrol+materyaller ile birlikte 6 sıra (18m*50cm) şerit parselden oluşturulmuştur. Uygulamadan sonra 7., 14., 28. ve 56. günlerde yapılan sayımlardaki etkinliğe göre saman, talaş ve yerfıstığının adaçayı, kekik ve biberiye bitkisinde yabancı otları kontrol etmede yetersiz kaldığı görülmüştür. Malç örtüsü (jüt ve agril) uygulanan parsellerde Cynodon dacytlon (L.) Pers. ve Chenopodium album L. dışındaki Convolvulus arvensis L., Lamium purpureum L., Malva neglecta Wallr ., Trifolium repens L., Sinapsis arvensis L. gibi geniş yapraklı yabancı otları kontrol ettiği gözlenmiştir. Jüt uygulanan alanların agril uygulanan alanlara göre yabancı ot kontrolünde daha başarılı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yabancı ot, Adaçayı, Biberiye, Kekik, Jüt, Agril
Competition with weeds has negative effects on medicinal and aromatic plants as well as on all crops. Weeds cause significant losses in the product yield and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants. The aim of this thesis is to determine alternative methods to be used in the weed management that are a problem in medicinal and aromatic plants and cause significant economic losses. For this purpose, sage (Salvia officinalis L.) was planted on an area of 840 m² in Silifke district of Mersin province, Izmir thyme (Origanum onites L.) was planted on an area of 1260 m² and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) was planted on an area of 1181 m². In these cultivated areas, 1 m² frames were used to count weeds on a species basis and the weed density per m² was determined. In the weed control studies, 5 different mulch materials, including two different inorganic (jute and agril) and three different organic (straw, sawdust and peanut shells) were used in the areas where sage, thyme and rosemary were planted. Inorganic materials were laid on the soil surface, organic materials were sprinkled on the soil surface and mixed into the soil with a rake. The trial design was created from 6 rows (18m*50cm) strip plots with control + materials for each plant (sage, thyme and rosemary). According to the effectiveness of the counts made on the 7th, 14th, 28th and 56th days after the application, it was seen that straw, sawdust and peanuts were insufficient to control weeds in sage, thyme and rosemary plants. Cynodon dacytlon (L.) Pers. in the plots where mulch cover (jute and agril) was applied. It has been observed that it controls broadleaf weeds such as Convolvulus arvensis L., Lamium purpureum L., Malva neglecta Wallr., Trifolium repens L., Sinapis arvensis L., other than Chenopodium album L. and Chenopodium album L.. It was determined that areas where jute was applied were more successful in weed control than areas where agril was applied. Keywords: Weed, Sage, Rosemary, Thyme, Jute, Agril
Competition with weeds has negative effects on medicinal and aromatic plants as well as on all crops. Weeds cause significant losses in the product yield and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants. The aim of this thesis is to determine alternative methods to be used in the weed management that are a problem in medicinal and aromatic plants and cause significant economic losses. For this purpose, sage (Salvia officinalis L.) was planted on an area of 840 m² in Silifke district of Mersin province, Izmir thyme (Origanum onites L.) was planted on an area of 1260 m² and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) was planted on an area of 1181 m². In these cultivated areas, 1 m² frames were used to count weeds on a species basis and the weed density per m² was determined. In the weed control studies, 5 different mulch materials, including two different inorganic (jute and agril) and three different organic (straw, sawdust and peanut shells) were used in the areas where sage, thyme and rosemary were planted. Inorganic materials were laid on the soil surface, organic materials were sprinkled on the soil surface and mixed into the soil with a rake. The trial design was created from 6 rows (18m*50cm) strip plots with control + materials for each plant (sage, thyme and rosemary). According to the effectiveness of the counts made on the 7th, 14th, 28th and 56th days after the application, it was seen that straw, sawdust and peanuts were insufficient to control weeds in sage, thyme and rosemary plants. Cynodon dacytlon (L.) Pers. in the plots where mulch cover (jute and agril) was applied. It has been observed that it controls broadleaf weeds such as Convolvulus arvensis L., Lamium purpureum L., Malva neglecta Wallr., Trifolium repens L., Sinapis arvensis L., other than Chenopodium album L. and Chenopodium album L.. It was determined that areas where jute was applied were more successful in weed control than areas where agril was applied. Keywords: Weed, Sage, Rosemary, Thyme, Jute, Agril
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