Publication: Kablosuz Algılayıcılar için Radio Frekans Enerji Hasat Yöntemi
Abstract
Akıllı kontrol sistemleri güç tüketimindeki son gelişmelerden olan Kablosuz Algılayıcı Ağları ve Nesnelerin İnternetinden yararlanmaktadırlar. Aküler, bu sistemlerin otonom hale getirilerek geliştirilmesini sağlamaktadırlar. Bununla birlikte bu besleme yöntemi modern uygulamalar için uygun olmamaktadır. Bu sensörleri beslemek için çevrelerinde mevcut olan termal enerjiyi, mekanik titreşimleri, ışık dalgalarını veya radyo frekanslarını kullanmak alternatif bir çözüm olmaktadır. Bu tez, özellikle Radyo Frekanslarının dalgalarını kullanarak, enerjide otonom bir sensör ağı oluşturmayı amaçlayan yenilikçi çözümlerin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmayı önermektedir. Sensörler, gelen güç yoğunluklarının hâkim olmadığı ve genellikle düşük olduğu bir ortama yerleştirilmektedirler. İlk olarak, mekanik, termal, kimyasal, ışık dalgası enerjisi ve Radyo Frekansı gibi farklı enerji toplama teknikleri ve kaynakları incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Radyo Frekansı dalgalarının enerji hasat sistemlerini diğer çalışmalarda yapılan sistemlere göre konumlandırmayı mümkün kılmıştır. Geniş bir frekans bandında enerji toplamanın yararını gösterdikten sonra, kentsel ortamda ve kırsal alanda mevcut olan RF güç yoğunluğunun değerlendirilmesi üzerinde istatistiksel bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Sensörün ortamı, seçilen mimarinin enerji depolama hücresinin eklenmesi veya bir dc-dc dönüştürücünün kullanılması gibi seçimlerini içerir. Çeşitli çok bantlı RF hasat sistemleri, çeşitli frekans bandında enerji hasat edebilecek kapasitede tasarlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu koşullar altında, birden fazla RF kaynağı mevcut olduğunda, sistem geniş bir frekans bandı üzerinden çalışacak şekilde tasarlandığında hasat edilen enerji miktarı arttırılabilir.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and the Internet of Things (IOT) are benefiting from recent advances in power consumption for intelligent control entities. Batteries have enabled the development of these systems by making autonomous. Nevertheless, this supplying method is unsuitable for modern applications. An alternative solution to supply these sensors is to use the energy available in their environment, such as thermal guards, mechanical vibrations, light waves or Radio Frequencies. This thesis proposes to contribute to the development of innovative solutions aiming to make a network of sensors autonomous in energy by exploiting in particular the waves of Radio Frequencies [RF]. The sensors are placed in an environment for which the power densities incident are not mastered and are generally low. Firstly, different sources and techniques of energy harvesting were studied such as mechanical, thermal, chemical, light wave energy and Radio Frequency. This study has made it possible to position the energy harvesting systems of Radio Frequency waves compared to other systems. After demonstrating the interest of collecting energy over a wide frequency band, a statistical study was carried out on the evaluation of the RF power density present in the urban environment and in the countryside. The environment of the sensor involves choices of the chosen architecture, such as for example the addition of energy storage cell or the use of a dc-dc converter. Several mutli-band RF harvester systems have been designed capable of harvesting energy in several frequency bands. Also, under these conditions, when multiple RF sources are available, the amount of energy harvested can be increased when the system is designed to operate over a wide frequency band.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and the Internet of Things (IOT) are benefiting from recent advances in power consumption for intelligent control entities. Batteries have enabled the development of these systems by making autonomous. Nevertheless, this supplying method is unsuitable for modern applications. An alternative solution to supply these sensors is to use the energy available in their environment, such as thermal guards, mechanical vibrations, light waves or Radio Frequencies. This thesis proposes to contribute to the development of innovative solutions aiming to make a network of sensors autonomous in energy by exploiting in particular the waves of Radio Frequencies [RF]. The sensors are placed in an environment for which the power densities incident are not mastered and are generally low. Firstly, different sources and techniques of energy harvesting were studied such as mechanical, thermal, chemical, light wave energy and Radio Frequency. This study has made it possible to position the energy harvesting systems of Radio Frequency waves compared to other systems. After demonstrating the interest of collecting energy over a wide frequency band, a statistical study was carried out on the evaluation of the RF power density present in the urban environment and in the countryside. The environment of the sensor involves choices of the chosen architecture, such as for example the addition of energy storage cell or the use of a dc-dc converter. Several mutli-band RF harvester systems have been designed capable of harvesting energy in several frequency bands. Also, under these conditions, when multiple RF sources are available, the amount of energy harvested can be increased when the system is designed to operate over a wide frequency band.
Description
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
131
