Publication: Non Alkolik Yağlı Karaciğer Hastalığı Tanısı Alan Bireylerin Ultra İşlenmiş Besin Tüketimi, Diyetkalitesi ve Beslenme Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Non alkolik yağlı karaciğer hastalığı (NAYKH) tanısı alan bireylerin ultra işlenmiş besin (UİB) tüketimi, diyet kalitesi ve beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesini amaçlayan bu çalışma, 25-70 yaş aralığında toplam 252 yetişkin birey üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada iç hastalıkları hekimi tarafından NAYKH tanısı alan (n=126) ve almayan (n=126) bireylerin oluşturduğu iki grup yer almıştır. Çalışmanın verileri araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan anket aracılığıyla yüz yüze toplanmıştır. Anket bireylere ait demografik bilgiler, NOVA sınıflamasına göre oluşturulmuş besin tüketim sıklığı formu, diyet kalitesinin belirlenmesi için Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği (MEDAS), fiziksel aktivite kısa anketi ve besin tüketim kaydı formundan oluşmuştur. Bireylerin antropometrik ölçümleri yapılarak vücut bileşimleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca bireylerin dosyalarında bulunan biyokimyasal veriler kaydedilmiş ve karaciğer hasarına yönelik lipit birikim ürünü (LAP) ve hepatik steatoz indeksi (HSİ) hesaplanmıştır. NAYKH ve kontrol grubundaki katılımcılar yaş ve cinsiyet yönünden benzer olacak şekilde çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Ortalama beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) NAYKH grubunda 32,61±5,30 kg/m2 iken kontrol grubunda 27,66±4,99 kg/m2 olarak bulunmuştur (p<0,001). NAYKH grubunun kontrol grubuna göre ortalama plazma açlık glukozu, trigliserit, kolesterol ve AST, ALT, GGT gibi karaciğer enzimleri değerlerinin daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). MEDAS puanı NAYKH grubunda 5,52±1,81 ve kontrol grubunda 6,66±1,86 olarak bulunmuştur (p<0,001). LAP ve HSİ skorları istatistiksel olarak NAYKH grubunda kontrol gurubuna kıyasla yüksek olarak bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Metabolik sendrom (MetS) NAYKH ve kontrol grubunda sırasıyla %79,4 ve % 42,9 olarak belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Ortalama yürüme MET değerleri NAYKH grubunda düşük (p<0,001) ve ortalama oturma MET değerleri bu grupta daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0,001). UİB'den gelen enerji yüzdesi NAYKH grubunda daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,001). NAYKH grubunda HSİ ve LAP skorları ile işlenmiş besinlerin enerji yüzdeleri arasında pozitif yönlü ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Bu çalışmanın sonunda NAYKH olan bireylerde UİB tüketimininin daha yüksek ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumun daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. UİB tüketimininin azaltılmasının ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumun artırılmasının NAYKH'dan koruyucu olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
This study, which aims to evaluatıon of ultra processed food (UPF) consumption, diet quality and nutritional status of individuals diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, was conducted on a total of 252 adult individuals between the ages of 25 and 70. The study included two groups of individuals diagnosed with NAFLD by an internal medicine specialist (n=126) and individuals without a diagnosis of NAFLD (n=126). Lipid accumulation product (LAP) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) for liver damage of individuals were calculated. The mean body mass index (BMI) was found to be 32.61±5.30 kg/m2 in the NAFLD group and 27.66±4.99 kg/m2 in the control group (p<0.001). It was found that the mean plasma fasting glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and liver enzymes values such as AST, ALT, GGT were higher in the NAFLD group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The MEDAS score was found to be 5.52±1.81 in the NAFLD group and 6.66±1.86 in the control group (p<0.001). LAP and HSI scores were statistically found to be higher in the NAFLD group compared to the control group (p<0.001). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was determined as 79.4% and 42.9% in the NAFLD and control group, respectively (p<0.05). Mean walking MET values were found to be lower in the NAFLD group (p<0.001) and mean sitting MET values were found to be higher in this group (p=0.001). The percentage of energy from UPFs was found to be higher in the NAFLD group (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between HIS and LAP scores and the percentage of energy of processed foods in the NAFLD group (p<0.05). At the end of this study, it was found that UPF consumption was higher and compliance with the Mediterranean diet was lower in individuals with NAFLD. Decreased UPF consumption and increased adherence to the Mediterranean diet may be protective against NAFLD.
This study, which aims to evaluatıon of ultra processed food (UPF) consumption, diet quality and nutritional status of individuals diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, was conducted on a total of 252 adult individuals between the ages of 25 and 70. The study included two groups of individuals diagnosed with NAFLD by an internal medicine specialist (n=126) and individuals without a diagnosis of NAFLD (n=126). Lipid accumulation product (LAP) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) for liver damage of individuals were calculated. The mean body mass index (BMI) was found to be 32.61±5.30 kg/m2 in the NAFLD group and 27.66±4.99 kg/m2 in the control group (p<0.001). It was found that the mean plasma fasting glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and liver enzymes values such as AST, ALT, GGT were higher in the NAFLD group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The MEDAS score was found to be 5.52±1.81 in the NAFLD group and 6.66±1.86 in the control group (p<0.001). LAP and HSI scores were statistically found to be higher in the NAFLD group compared to the control group (p<0.001). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was determined as 79.4% and 42.9% in the NAFLD and control group, respectively (p<0.05). Mean walking MET values were found to be lower in the NAFLD group (p<0.001) and mean sitting MET values were found to be higher in this group (p=0.001). The percentage of energy from UPFs was found to be higher in the NAFLD group (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between HIS and LAP scores and the percentage of energy of processed foods in the NAFLD group (p<0.05). At the end of this study, it was found that UPF consumption was higher and compliance with the Mediterranean diet was lower in individuals with NAFLD. Decreased UPF consumption and increased adherence to the Mediterranean diet may be protective against NAFLD.
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