Publication: Futsal ve Futbolcuların Slc6a4 Geni 5-Httpl Polimorfizmi ile Saldırganlık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada; SLC6A4 geni 5-HTTLPR promotor bölgesi S ve L alellerinin, kadın ve erkek futsal ve futbol sporcularındaki dağılımı araştırılacaktır. Ayrıca saldırganlık envanteri ile saldırganlık düzeyleri belirlenerek SLC6A4 geni ile saldırganlık arasındaki ilişki saptanacaktır. Çalışmaya; 22,25 yaş ortalamasına sahip, en az 5 yıldır aktif olarak spor yapan, gönüllü ve rastgele (randomize) seçilmiş; 12 kadın futbol, 12 kadın futsal, 12 erkek futbol ve 12 erkek futsal oyuncusu olmak üzere toplam 48 sporcu öğrenci katılmıştır. Katılımcılardan nicel veriler; kişisel bilgi formu ve veri toplama aracı 'Saldırganlık Ölçeği Envanteri' kullanılarak toplanmıştır. DNA izolasyonu için tam kan örneği alınmış ve OMÜ Karadeniz İleri Teknoloji Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (KİTAM) Laboratuvarında genotipleme yapılmıştır. Sporcuların 5-HTTLPR polimorfizminde; (%56,2) S, rs25531 polimorfizminde (%100) A ve 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polimorfizminde; (%56,2) S aleline sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Genotip dağılımları incelendiğinde; 5-HTTLPR polimorfizminde (%50) L/S, rs25531 polimorfizminde (%100) A/A ve 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polimorfizminde (%50) LA/S genotipine sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Sporcuların branşlara göre 5-HTTLPR polimorfizmi alel ve genotip dağılımları incelendiğinde; 5-HTTLPR ve rs25531 alel, genotip ve serotonin işlevselliği arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0,05) ancak 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 alel dağılımında anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiş (p<0,05); futbolcularda 'LA' aleline, futsalcılarda 'S' aleline daha sık rastlanmıştır. Sporcuların cinsiyete göre alel ve genotip dağılımlarında anlamlı bulguya rastlanmamıştır (p>0,05). Saldırganlık alt boyutlarının branşlara göre karşılaştırılmasında anlamlı bulguya rastlanmamıştır (p>0,05). Araştırma sonucunda; futsal ve futbolcuların SLC6A4 geni 5-HTTLPR ve rs25531 polimorfizmleri alel dağılımları ile saldırganlık arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Spesifik gen araştırmalarının bir fenotipi tanımlamada yetersiz kaldığı, bu nedenle fenotip tanımlamalarında çoklu gen araştırmalarının etkili olacağı düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca epigenetik faktörlerin metilasyon mekanizmalarına olan etkileri sonucunda fenotipte değişimlere neden olabileceği bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle spor genetiği araştırmalarının epigenetik faktörlerden bağımsız düşünülmemesi ve bu alanda daha çok araştırma yapılması önerilmektedir.
This study aims to investigate the distribution of the SLC6A4 gene 5-HTTLPR promotor zone's S and L alleles among female and male futsal and football players. It also determines the association between the SLC6A4 gene by identifying the aggression inventory and aggression levels. Voluntary and randomized 48 student-athletes in total, including 12 female football, 12 female futsal, 12 male football and 12 male futsal players, who have been actively engaging in sports for at least five years with an average age of 22-25, have participated in the study. The participants' quantitative data were collected by using the personal data sheets and the data collection tool 'Aggression Scale Inventory'. The OMU Karadeniz Advanced Technology Research and Application Center (KİTAM) Laboratory took complete blood sample for DNA isolation and genotyping. The study put forth that the athletes (n=48) had (%56,2) S allele in 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, (%100) A in rs2553 polymorphism and (%56,2) S in 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism. When their genotype distribution was examined, the athletes were found to have (%50) L/S genotype in 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, (%100) A/A in rs25531 polymorphism and (%50) LA/S in 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism. When the athletes (n=48) 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms, allele and genotypes were examined by their branches, no meaningful association with 5-HTTLPR and rs25531 allele, genotype, and serotonin functionality was found (p>0,05) however, a significant association was detected in the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 allele distribution (p<0,05); 'La' aleline was more common among football players and 'S' aleline was more common among futsal players. No significant findings were identified in the allelic and genotype distribution of the athletes by gender (p>0,05). No significant findings were identified in the comparison of the aggression sub-dimensions with their branches (p>0,05). As a result of the research; it was identified that the 5-HTTLPR and rs25531 polymorphisms of the SLC6A4 gene do not have a statistically significant association with aggression in futsal and football athletes. Specific gene research appears to be inadequate to identify a phenotype and therefore, multiple gene research is thought to be effective in phenotype definitions. It is also known that epigenetic factors may induce changes in phenotype as a result of their effects on methylation mechanisms. Therefore, it is suggested that sports genetics research should not be regarded as independent from epigenetic factors, and further reseaches should be done in this field. Keywords: Aggression; Epigenetics; Football; Futsal; Genetics; Slc6a4
This study aims to investigate the distribution of the SLC6A4 gene 5-HTTLPR promotor zone's S and L alleles among female and male futsal and football players. It also determines the association between the SLC6A4 gene by identifying the aggression inventory and aggression levels. Voluntary and randomized 48 student-athletes in total, including 12 female football, 12 female futsal, 12 male football and 12 male futsal players, who have been actively engaging in sports for at least five years with an average age of 22-25, have participated in the study. The participants' quantitative data were collected by using the personal data sheets and the data collection tool 'Aggression Scale Inventory'. The OMU Karadeniz Advanced Technology Research and Application Center (KİTAM) Laboratory took complete blood sample for DNA isolation and genotyping. The study put forth that the athletes (n=48) had (%56,2) S allele in 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, (%100) A in rs2553 polymorphism and (%56,2) S in 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism. When their genotype distribution was examined, the athletes were found to have (%50) L/S genotype in 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, (%100) A/A in rs25531 polymorphism and (%50) LA/S in 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism. When the athletes (n=48) 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms, allele and genotypes were examined by their branches, no meaningful association with 5-HTTLPR and rs25531 allele, genotype, and serotonin functionality was found (p>0,05) however, a significant association was detected in the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 allele distribution (p<0,05); 'La' aleline was more common among football players and 'S' aleline was more common among futsal players. No significant findings were identified in the allelic and genotype distribution of the athletes by gender (p>0,05). No significant findings were identified in the comparison of the aggression sub-dimensions with their branches (p>0,05). As a result of the research; it was identified that the 5-HTTLPR and rs25531 polymorphisms of the SLC6A4 gene do not have a statistically significant association with aggression in futsal and football athletes. Specific gene research appears to be inadequate to identify a phenotype and therefore, multiple gene research is thought to be effective in phenotype definitions. It is also known that epigenetic factors may induce changes in phenotype as a result of their effects on methylation mechanisms. Therefore, it is suggested that sports genetics research should not be regarded as independent from epigenetic factors, and further reseaches should be done in this field. Keywords: Aggression; Epigenetics; Football; Futsal; Genetics; Slc6a4
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