Publication: Engelli Ailelerinin Günlük Hayatı, Sosyal Sorunları ve Geleceğe Yönelik Tasarımları (Samsun Örneği)
Abstract
Toplumumuzda herkesin adayı olduğu ifade edilen dezavantajlı grup olan engelli bireylere yönelik sosyal bilim çalışmaları bu söyleme zıt bir biçimde yetersizlik göstermektedir. Engelli bireyin bakım sorumluluğunda birinci başvurulan kaynak olan ailede yine anne ve/veya baba yani ebeveynleri sorumluluktan en fazla nasibini alanlardır. Bunun yanında engelli birey kardeşi olmak da bu sorumluluğu paylaşmayı hatta bir noktada sorumluluğu tamamen üstlenmeyi gerektirebilmektedir. Çalışmada engelli ebeveynlerinin toplumun kalanından farklılık gösteren yönlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada nitel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Amaçlı örnekleme modeli ile yedi yaş ve üzerinde engelli evladı olan aileler arasından otuz aile ile yüz yüze derinlemesine görüşme yapılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmış ve elde edilen veriler temalaştırılarak yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın temaları ise Gündelik Hayat, Anne-Baba ve Kardeş Olmak, Her Şeye Rağmen İnsan, Gelecek Hayat ve Sosyal Politikalar şeklindedir. Bu temalar verilen kategoriler ile ortaya konmuştur. Engelli bireye sahip aile gündelik hayatının tamamını engelli bireye göre ve onun ihtiyaçlarını kendi ihtiyaçlarından önde tutarak şekillendirmektedir. Eğer engelli birey ebeveynleri önce engelli bireyin sonrasında kendisinin günlük yaşama ihtiyaçlarını karşılarsa ve bundan sonrasında engelli bireyi ya yanına alarak ya da güvenli bir konuma getirerek boş bir zaman oluşturabilirse sosyalleşmeye çabalayacaktır. Ayrıca tüm bunların yanında toplumsal yaşama katılabildiği süreçte toplumun çok kısıtlı şekilde muhatap olduğu bu dezavantajlı gruba, onların yaşayışlarına aşina olmadıklarından veya önyargılı olduklarından ötürü bakışlarının farklılaşabildiği de bilinmektedir. Engelli birey aileleri kendileri hayattayken, sağlıklıyken, henüz engelli evlatlarına kendileri bakabiliyorlarken de içlerinde her zaman bir endişe taşımaktadırlar. Bu endişe engelli üyesi bulunmayan ailelerin aklına bile gelmeyen bir endişedir. 'Ben ölünce ona ne olacak?' sorusu yapılan görüşmelerde henüz sorulmadan gündeme getirilen bir konudur. Engelli birey ailelerinin; hem maddi ve manevi günlük yaşamlarının kolaylaşması hem sosyal yaşama dâhil olup topluma ait hissetme, kendilerinin ve engelli evlatlarının geleceklerinin garanti altına alınması ile toplumdaki dezavantajlı konumlarından kurtulma, toplumun homojen bir parçası olma yönünde istekleri olduğu çalışmamızın genel bir sonucunu oluşturmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Engelli, Engelli ebeveyni, Engelli kardeşi, Sosyalleşme, Günlük yaşam, Gelecek endişesi.
Social science studies aimed at disabled people, who are the disadvantaged group that everyone is a candidate for in our society, show inadequacy in contrast to this statement. In the family, which is the first resource referred to in the responsibility of caring for a disabled person, the mother and / or father, that is, the parents, are the ones who receive the most share of responsibility. In addition, being the brother of a disabled individual may require sharing this responsibility or even completely assuming responsibility at some point. In this study, it is aimed to examine the aspects of disabled parents that differ from the rest of society. The qualitative method was used in the study. Data were collected by conducting face-to-face in-depth interviews with thirty families from families with disabled children aged seven years and older using a purposeful sampling model. Dec. The content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data and the data obtained were interpreted by thematization. The main themes of the research are Everyday Life, Being Mother-Father and siblings, People in Spite of Everything, Future Life and Social Policies. These main themes are set out with the sub-themes given. A family with a disabled person shapes all of its daily life according to the disabled person and by keeping its needs ahead of its own needs. If the parents of a disabled person first meet the daily living needs of the disabled person and then themselves, and after that, if they can create free time by either taking the disabled person with them or putting them in a safe position, they will strive to socialize. In addition, it is also known that their views may differ due to the fact that they are not familiar with their lives or are prejudiced to this disadvantaged group, to whom society is very limited in the process of participating in social life. Families of people with disabilities always carry a concern when they are alive, healthy, and still able to take care of their disabled children themselves. This concern is a concern that not even come to the mind of families who do not have disabled members. 'What will happen to him when I die?' this is an issue that has been raised in the negotiations before we have asked the question. It is a general result of our study that the families of disabled individuals have the desire to facilitate their daily lives, both material and spiritual, and to feel included in social life and belong to society, to get rid of their disadvantaged positions in society by guaranteeing the future of themselves and their disabled children, and to become a homogeneous part of society. Keywords: Disabled, Disabled parent, Disabled sibling, Socialization, Daily life, Future anxiety.
Social science studies aimed at disabled people, who are the disadvantaged group that everyone is a candidate for in our society, show inadequacy in contrast to this statement. In the family, which is the first resource referred to in the responsibility of caring for a disabled person, the mother and / or father, that is, the parents, are the ones who receive the most share of responsibility. In addition, being the brother of a disabled individual may require sharing this responsibility or even completely assuming responsibility at some point. In this study, it is aimed to examine the aspects of disabled parents that differ from the rest of society. The qualitative method was used in the study. Data were collected by conducting face-to-face in-depth interviews with thirty families from families with disabled children aged seven years and older using a purposeful sampling model. Dec. The content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data and the data obtained were interpreted by thematization. The main themes of the research are Everyday Life, Being Mother-Father and siblings, People in Spite of Everything, Future Life and Social Policies. These main themes are set out with the sub-themes given. A family with a disabled person shapes all of its daily life according to the disabled person and by keeping its needs ahead of its own needs. If the parents of a disabled person first meet the daily living needs of the disabled person and then themselves, and after that, if they can create free time by either taking the disabled person with them or putting them in a safe position, they will strive to socialize. In addition, it is also known that their views may differ due to the fact that they are not familiar with their lives or are prejudiced to this disadvantaged group, to whom society is very limited in the process of participating in social life. Families of people with disabilities always carry a concern when they are alive, healthy, and still able to take care of their disabled children themselves. This concern is a concern that not even come to the mind of families who do not have disabled members. 'What will happen to him when I die?' this is an issue that has been raised in the negotiations before we have asked the question. It is a general result of our study that the families of disabled individuals have the desire to facilitate their daily lives, both material and spiritual, and to feel included in social life and belong to society, to get rid of their disadvantaged positions in society by guaranteeing the future of themselves and their disabled children, and to become a homogeneous part of society. Keywords: Disabled, Disabled parent, Disabled sibling, Socialization, Daily life, Future anxiety.
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