Publication: Çeltik Ekim Alanlarında Sorun Olan Cyperus Difformis L. (Kız Otu)'nin Genetik Çeşitliliğinin ve Als Grubu Herbisitlere Dayanıklılığının Moleküler ve Bioassay Yöntemlerle Belirlenmesi
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Türkiye'de olduğu gibi birçok ülkede yabancı ot kontrolü çeltik yetiştiriciliğinin başlangıcından bu yana çiftçilerin en önemli sorunudur. Aynı etkili maddeli veya aynı etki şekline sahip herbisitlerin kullanılması yabancı otlarda dayanıklılığa yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma ile C. difformis populasyonlarının ALS inhibitörü herbisitlere dayanıklılık mekanizmalarının, morfolojik ve genetik çeşitliliğinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Marmara ve Karadeniz Bölgesi çeltik ekim alanlarındaki 646 farklı lokasyondan toplanan C. difformis populasyonları ilk olarak azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, bispyribac-sodium ve penoxulam'a karşı tavsiye edilen dozları sera koşullarında denenmiştir. Bazı populasyonların herbisit uygulamasından etkilenmedikleri ve canlı kaldığı saptanmıştır. Bu populasyonlar doz-etki çalışmalarına alınmış ve ED90 değerlerinin elde edilmesi için Weibull modeli ile R paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Doz etki denemeleri sonucunda kullanılan herbisitlere dayanıklılık oranı % 70, çapraz dayanıklılık oranı ise % 23 olarak belirlenmiştir. Dayanıklı C. difformis biyotiplerinde ALS inhibitörü herbisitlere dayanıklılık mekanizması ALS genlerinde meydana gelen nokta mutasyonlarının neden olduğu hedef bölge duyarsızlığı olarak belirlenmiştir. Dayanıklılıkla ilişkili ALS geninin 1380 bp'lik kısmında mutasyon taraması gerçekleştirilmiş ve analiz edilen biyotipler içerisinde nükleotid ve aminoasit sekansları çeşitlilik göstermiştir. Buna göre dayanıklı biyotipin ALS geninin sekans analizinde 197. pozisyonda Pro 197/ Arg nokta mutasyonu tanımlanmıştır. Populasyonlar arasındaki morfolojik ve genetik ilişki coğrafi uzaklıkla bağlantılı bulunmamıştır.
Weed control has been a major concern of growers since the beginning of rice production in Turkey as well as other countries. Continuous use of a herbicide/herbicides with the same mechanism of action leads to the development of herbicides resistance in weed population. The aim of this study were to determine resistance mechanism of ALS inhibiting herbicide, morphologic and genetic diversity of C. difformis populations. C. difformis populations had been collected from 646 different locations in rice fields of Marmara and Black Sea region. Firstfull, this populations were tested for possible resistance to azimsulfuron, bensulfuron methyl, bispyricac-sodium and penoxulam at registration doses in greenhouse. Some accession exhibited the highest survival to the treatment with field rates of these herbicides. The Weibull dose-response curve, an asymmetric sigmoid curve was fitted to data to obtain ED90 in R program. A whole-plant dose-response assay confirmed 70 % ALS inhibiting herbicide resistance and cross-resistance 23 % of populations. The main mechanism of resistance was target-site insensitivity, which results from specifıc point mutations on the ALS gene in resistant C. difformis biotypes. In addition to, a 1380 bp contig belonging to the ALS gene was isolated to investigate mutations on this gene that could be related with the resistance patterns observed. The nucleotide and the amino acid sequences did vary within analyzed biotypes. Sequence analysis of the ALS gene identified four one mutations (Pro197 to Arg) at position 197 in the resistant biotypes. Genetic and morphological relationships among populations were not correlated with geographical distance.
Weed control has been a major concern of growers since the beginning of rice production in Turkey as well as other countries. Continuous use of a herbicide/herbicides with the same mechanism of action leads to the development of herbicides resistance in weed population. The aim of this study were to determine resistance mechanism of ALS inhibiting herbicide, morphologic and genetic diversity of C. difformis populations. C. difformis populations had been collected from 646 different locations in rice fields of Marmara and Black Sea region. Firstfull, this populations were tested for possible resistance to azimsulfuron, bensulfuron methyl, bispyricac-sodium and penoxulam at registration doses in greenhouse. Some accession exhibited the highest survival to the treatment with field rates of these herbicides. The Weibull dose-response curve, an asymmetric sigmoid curve was fitted to data to obtain ED90 in R program. A whole-plant dose-response assay confirmed 70 % ALS inhibiting herbicide resistance and cross-resistance 23 % of populations. The main mechanism of resistance was target-site insensitivity, which results from specifıc point mutations on the ALS gene in resistant C. difformis biotypes. In addition to, a 1380 bp contig belonging to the ALS gene was isolated to investigate mutations on this gene that could be related with the resistance patterns observed. The nucleotide and the amino acid sequences did vary within analyzed biotypes. Sequence analysis of the ALS gene identified four one mutations (Pro197 to Arg) at position 197 in the resistant biotypes. Genetic and morphological relationships among populations were not correlated with geographical distance.
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Tez (doktora) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2012
Libra Kayıt No: 68758
Libra Kayıt No: 68758
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