Publication: Balık Kaynaklı Aeromonas Türlerinin Biyofilm Üretme Yeteneklerinin ve Bazı Virulens Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Abstract
Aeromonas'lar sucul ortamda yaygın olarak bulunan, hem balıklarda hem de insanlarda çeşitli hastalıklara neden olan mikroorganizmalardır. Aeromonas'ların patojeniteleri çok çeşitli virulens faktörlerine ve biyofilm oluşturma yeteneklerine bağlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizde yetiştirilen Gökkuşağı alabalıklarından (Oncorhynchus mykiss) izole edilmiş olan Aeromonas türlerinin biyofilm oluşturma yeteneklerinin ve bazı virülens özelliklerinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu amaçla çalışmada 25 Aeromonas izolatının biyofilm oluşturma yeteneği Congo Red Agar (CRA), Modifiye Tüp Aderens (Christensen) ve Mikroplak yöntemleri kullanılarak karşılaştırmalı olarak belirlendi. İzolatların hemolitik aktivite, jelatinaz üretimi, serin proteaz aktivitesi, DNase aktivitesi ve hareket özellikleri fenotipik metotlar ile ortaya konuldu. CRA, Christensen ve Mikroplak metotları ile izolatların sırasıyla, % 68, % 48 ve % 60'ının biyofilm oluşturduğu, üç metottan elde edilen sonuçların birleştirilmesiyle ise izolatların % 92'sinin biyofilm oluşturduğu saptandı. Çalışılan virulens özellikleri izolatlar arasında değişken oranlarda saptandı. Bununla birlikte izolatların DNase aktivitesi ile biyofilm oluşumu (CRA ve mikroplak metotları ile) arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı negatif yönlü ve orta derecede bir korelasyon (rspearman= -,428, p<,05) olduğu belirlendi. Elde edilen sonuçlar balıklardan izole edilen Aeromonas türlerinin biyofilm oluşturma yeteneklerinin saptanmasında birden fazla yöntemin kullanılması gerektiğini göstermektedir. İzolatlar arasında yüksek oranda biyofilm üretiminin belirlenmesi, kültür balıkçılığı tesislerinde yeniden enfeksiyon riskini artırabilecek önemli bir sorun olarak değerlendirildi. Bu nedenle balıklardan izole edilen Aeromonas türlerinin biyofilm üretme yeteneklerinin ve sahip oldukları virulens faktörlerinin periyodik olarak izlenmesine ve Aeromonas enfeksiyonlarına karşı özellikle, biyofilm oluşumlarının engellenmesine yönelik yeni hastalık önleme ve kontrol yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
Aeromonas species commonly found in the aquatic environment causes infections in both fish and humans. The pathogenicity of Aeromonas depends on a wide variety of virulence factors and the ability to form biofilm. The aim of the present study was to determine the biofilm producing abilities and some virulence characteristics of Aeromonas species isolated from cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in our country. For this purpose, biofilm producing abilities of 25 Aeromonas isolates were investigated comparatively by using Congo Red Agar (CRA), Modified Tube Adherence (Christensen), and Microplate methods. Hemolytic activity, gelatinase production, serine protease activity, DNase activity and motility characteristics of the isolates were determined by phenotypic tests. It was determined that 68%, 48%, and 60% of the isolates formed biofilms with CRA, Christensen, and microplate methods respectively, while combining the results obtained from the three methods, 92% of the isolates formed biofilms. All investigated virulence factors were found at variable ratios among the isolates. Also, a statistically significant negative and moderate correlation (rspearman= -,428, p<,05) was determined between DNase activity and biofilm formation (with CRA and microplate methods) of the isolates. This present investigation suggests that more than one method should be used for screening the biofilm forming ability of Aeromonas species isolated from fish. Detection of the high incidence of biofilm production (92%) among the used isolates was considered as an important problem that may increase the risk of re-infection in aquaculture facilities. Therefore, there is a need to periodically monitor the biofilm production abilities and virulence factors of Aeromonas species isolated from fish, and to develop new disease prevention and control methods against Aeromonas infections, especially to prevent biofilm formation.
Aeromonas species commonly found in the aquatic environment causes infections in both fish and humans. The pathogenicity of Aeromonas depends on a wide variety of virulence factors and the ability to form biofilm. The aim of the present study was to determine the biofilm producing abilities and some virulence characteristics of Aeromonas species isolated from cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in our country. For this purpose, biofilm producing abilities of 25 Aeromonas isolates were investigated comparatively by using Congo Red Agar (CRA), Modified Tube Adherence (Christensen), and Microplate methods. Hemolytic activity, gelatinase production, serine protease activity, DNase activity and motility characteristics of the isolates were determined by phenotypic tests. It was determined that 68%, 48%, and 60% of the isolates formed biofilms with CRA, Christensen, and microplate methods respectively, while combining the results obtained from the three methods, 92% of the isolates formed biofilms. All investigated virulence factors were found at variable ratios among the isolates. Also, a statistically significant negative and moderate correlation (rspearman= -,428, p<,05) was determined between DNase activity and biofilm formation (with CRA and microplate methods) of the isolates. This present investigation suggests that more than one method should be used for screening the biofilm forming ability of Aeromonas species isolated from fish. Detection of the high incidence of biofilm production (92%) among the used isolates was considered as an important problem that may increase the risk of re-infection in aquaculture facilities. Therefore, there is a need to periodically monitor the biofilm production abilities and virulence factors of Aeromonas species isolated from fish, and to develop new disease prevention and control methods against Aeromonas infections, especially to prevent biofilm formation.
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