Publication: Bireysel ve Takım Sporcularının Cinsel ve Psikolojik Tacize Maruz Kalma Farkındalıklarının Araştırılması
Abstract
Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, bireysel ve takım sporcularının cinsel ve psikolojik tacize maruz kalma farkındalıklarının araştırılmasıdır. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya Samsun ilinde aktif spor hayatına devam etmekte olan 18-25 yaş arası 226 sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen 7 sorundan oluşan demografik bilgi formu ve Özen ve ark. (2018) geliştirdiği Sporda Cinsel Taciz Araştırılması Envanteri uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler farkını belirlemek için Ki kare (X2) testi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda cinsel taciz davranışına maruz kalma durumlarına kadınların %48,6'sı hayır derken, %43,57'si evet demiştir. Erkeklerde ise %26,97'sı hayır derken, %55,85'i evet demiştir. Kadınlar daha çok, antrenör, herhangi bir sporcu, seyirci, idari personel, spor alanında tanımadığınız bir kişi, spor alanında herhangi bir daimi işe sahip olmayıp arada bir gelen bir kişi ve spor alanında resmi iş dışında çalışan kişiler tarafından cinsel taciz davranışına uğrarken, erkekler ise hakem, herhangi bir sporcu, spor alanında resmi iş dışında çalışan kişiler ve spor alanında herhangi bir daimi işe sahip olmayıp arada bir gelen bir kişi tarafından uğradıklarını bildirmiştir. Erkeklerin cinsel tacizlere verdikleri tepkiler, 'şaka gibi algılayıp yok saydım, korkudan bağırdım, önemsemedim' seçeneklerinden kadınlardan daha yüksek olduğu, kadınların ise 'hiç uğramadım', 'fiziksel olarak tepki gösterdim', 'çevredekilerden yardım istedim', 'ortamı terk ettim', 'resmi şikâyette bulundum' seçeneklerinde erkeklerden daha yüksek olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Kadın ve erkek katılımcıların daha çok herhangi bir şey yapılacağına inanmadığı ve uzatmak istememesinden dolayı resmi şikâyette bulunmadıkları görülmüştür. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda erkek sporcuların kadın sporculardan daha fazla cinsel tacize uğradıkları görülmüştür. En çok cinsel taciz davranışına maruz kalınan yerlerin başında spor sahası ve soyunma odaları gelmiştir. Sporcuların bu tür davranışları açıklıkla ve rahatlıkla dile getirmelerine destek olunması önerilir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Bireysel spor, cinsel taciz, psikolojik taciz, takım sporları.
Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the awareness of individual and team athletes of being exposed to sexual and psychological abuse. Material and Method: 226 athletes between the ages of 18-25 who continue the iractive sports life in Samsun province voluntarily participated in the study. The demographic information form consisting of 7 problems developed by there searcher and the Sexual Harassment in Sports Inventory developed by Özen et al. (2018) were applied in the study. Chi square (X2) test was applied to determine the difference in the data obtained in the study. Findings: In our study, while 48.6% of women said no to their sexual harassment behavior, 43.57% said yes. In men, 26.97% said no, and 55.85% said yes. Women are more likely to be subjected to sexual harassment by trainers, any athletes, spectators, administrative personnel, a person you do not know in the field of sports, a person who does not have any permanent job in the field of sports and people who work outside of the official job in sports, men, on the otherhand, reported that they were exposed to sexual harassment by there feree, any athlete, people working outside of the official business in the field of sports and a person who does not have any permanent job in the sports field. There actions of men to sexual harassment, 'I perceived it as a joke, I ignored it, I shouted in fear', it was higher than women I did not care about, and women 'never stopped by', 'I reacted physically', 'I asked for help from the people around', 'I left the environment', It has been calculated to be higher than the 'I made a formal complaint' option than men. It was observed that the female and male participants did not believe that any thing would be done more and did not make formal complaints because they did not want to prolong it. Result: In our study, it was observed that male athletes were exposed to sexual harassment more than female athletes. Sports fields and changing rooms are the main places where sexual harassment is exposed the most. It is recommended that athletes be supported in expressing such behavior clearly and comfortably. Keywords: Individual sport, sexual harassment, psychological abuse, team sports
Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the awareness of individual and team athletes of being exposed to sexual and psychological abuse. Material and Method: 226 athletes between the ages of 18-25 who continue the iractive sports life in Samsun province voluntarily participated in the study. The demographic information form consisting of 7 problems developed by there searcher and the Sexual Harassment in Sports Inventory developed by Özen et al. (2018) were applied in the study. Chi square (X2) test was applied to determine the difference in the data obtained in the study. Findings: In our study, while 48.6% of women said no to their sexual harassment behavior, 43.57% said yes. In men, 26.97% said no, and 55.85% said yes. Women are more likely to be subjected to sexual harassment by trainers, any athletes, spectators, administrative personnel, a person you do not know in the field of sports, a person who does not have any permanent job in the field of sports and people who work outside of the official job in sports, men, on the otherhand, reported that they were exposed to sexual harassment by there feree, any athlete, people working outside of the official business in the field of sports and a person who does not have any permanent job in the sports field. There actions of men to sexual harassment, 'I perceived it as a joke, I ignored it, I shouted in fear', it was higher than women I did not care about, and women 'never stopped by', 'I reacted physically', 'I asked for help from the people around', 'I left the environment', It has been calculated to be higher than the 'I made a formal complaint' option than men. It was observed that the female and male participants did not believe that any thing would be done more and did not make formal complaints because they did not want to prolong it. Result: In our study, it was observed that male athletes were exposed to sexual harassment more than female athletes. Sports fields and changing rooms are the main places where sexual harassment is exposed the most. It is recommended that athletes be supported in expressing such behavior clearly and comfortably. Keywords: Individual sport, sexual harassment, psychological abuse, team sports
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