Publication: Gökhöyük Tarım İşletmesinde Yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca Sığırların Süt ve Döl Verim Özellikleri ve Bu Özelliklere Ait Bazı Parametrelerin Tahmini Üzerine Bir Araştırma
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Bu araştırma, Gökhöyük Tarım İşletmesinde yetiştirilen Siyah-Alaca sığırların bazı süt ve döl verim özelliklerini belirlemek ve bu karakterlerin bazı genetik parametrelerini tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, çiftliğin 1988-1995 yılları arasındaki yetiştirme kayıtları kullanılmıştır. 305-gün süt verimi üzerine buzağılama yılı ve laktasyon sırasının, laktasyon süresi ve buzağılama aralığı üzerine ise buzağılama yılının etkisi istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Standardize edilmiş 305-gün süt verimi, laktasyon süresi, kuruda kalma süresi, buzağılama aralığı, servis periyodu ve gebelik süresi ortalamaları sırası ile 4541.8±72.6 kg, 294,0±3.9 gün, 74.4±2.7 gün, 356.8±3.2 gün, 85.7±3.8 gün ve 278.1 ±0.2 gün olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, sürünün aşım indeksi 1988-1995 periyodunda 1.21 ±0.42 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Normal doğum, sıkıt (yavru atma), ikizlik ve ölü doğum oranları sırası ile %97.22, 1.93, 0.24 ve 0.60 bulunmuştur. Aynı periyodda sürüden çıkarılan hayvanların %47.93'ü damızlık, %35.17'si kasaplık satılmış, %15.17'si zorunlu kesilmiş ve %1.72'si ise ölmüştür. Ocak, Şubat, Mart, Nisan, Mayıs, Haziran, Temmuz, Ağustos, Eylül, Ekim, Kasım ve Aralık ayları için doğum oranları sırası ile %9.10, 8.85, 9.23, 8.72, 7.05, 5.00, 8.97, 6.54, 5.90, 8.46, 9.10 ve 13.08 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. 305-gün süt verimi, laktasyon süresi, kuruda kalma süresi, buzağılama aralığı, servis periyodu ve gebelik süresinin kalıtım dereceleri sırası ile 0.263±0.120, 0.168±0.108, 0.056±0.032, 0.038±0.080, 0.099±0.026 ve 0.026±0.057 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Aynı özelliklerin tekrarlanma dereceleri ise sırası ile 0.410±0.046, 0.233±0.051, 0.282±0.065, 0.1 41 ±0.060, 0.122±0.058 ve 0.277±0.050 olarak bulunmuştur. Anahtar kelimeler: Siyah-Alaca sığırı, süt verim özellikleri, döl verim özellikleri, kalıtım derecesi, tekrarlanma derecesi.
The study was performed to investigate some milk and reproductive characteristics of Black Pied cattle raised at Gökhöyük State Farm and to determine some genetic parameters of these characteristics. In the study, breeding records of the farm between 1988 and 1995 were used. The effects of calving year and lactation order on 305-day milk yield, and the effect of calving year on lactation period and calving interval were found statistically significant. The averages of standardized 305-day milk yield, lactation period, dry period, calving interval, service period and gestation period were determined 4541.8±72.6 kgs, 294.0±3.9 days, 74.4±2.7 days, 356.8±3.2 days, 85.7±3.8 days, and 278.1 ±0.2 days, respectively. In addition service index of herd was realized as 1.21 ±0.42 in 1988-1995 period. The rates of normal parturition, abort, twinning and still birth were found as 97.22%, 1.93%, 0.24% and 0.60% respectively. In the same period 47.93% of herd were sold as breeding, 35.17% of animals were sold for slaughter, 1 5. 1 7% of animals were slaughtered compulsory and 1.72% of animals dead. The rates of births were 9.10%, 8.85%, 9.23%, 8.72%, 7.05%, 5.00%, 8.97%, 6.54%, 5.90%, 8.46%, 9.10%, and 13.08% for January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December respectively. Heritabilities of 305-day milk yield, lactation period, dry period, calving interval, service period and gestation period were calculated as 0.263±0.120, 0.168±0.108, 0.056±0.032, 0.038±0.080, 0.099±0.026, and 0.026±0.057, respectively, and repeatabilities of the same characteristics were found as 0.410±0.046, 0.233±0.051, 0.282±0.065, 0.141±0.060, 0.122±0.058, and 0.277±0.050, respectively. Key words: Black pied cattle, dairy performance, reproductive performance, heritability, repeatability.
The study was performed to investigate some milk and reproductive characteristics of Black Pied cattle raised at Gökhöyük State Farm and to determine some genetic parameters of these characteristics. In the study, breeding records of the farm between 1988 and 1995 were used. The effects of calving year and lactation order on 305-day milk yield, and the effect of calving year on lactation period and calving interval were found statistically significant. The averages of standardized 305-day milk yield, lactation period, dry period, calving interval, service period and gestation period were determined 4541.8±72.6 kgs, 294.0±3.9 days, 74.4±2.7 days, 356.8±3.2 days, 85.7±3.8 days, and 278.1 ±0.2 days, respectively. In addition service index of herd was realized as 1.21 ±0.42 in 1988-1995 period. The rates of normal parturition, abort, twinning and still birth were found as 97.22%, 1.93%, 0.24% and 0.60% respectively. In the same period 47.93% of herd were sold as breeding, 35.17% of animals were sold for slaughter, 1 5. 1 7% of animals were slaughtered compulsory and 1.72% of animals dead. The rates of births were 9.10%, 8.85%, 9.23%, 8.72%, 7.05%, 5.00%, 8.97%, 6.54%, 5.90%, 8.46%, 9.10%, and 13.08% for January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December respectively. Heritabilities of 305-day milk yield, lactation period, dry period, calving interval, service period and gestation period were calculated as 0.263±0.120, 0.168±0.108, 0.056±0.032, 0.038±0.080, 0.099±0.026, and 0.026±0.057, respectively, and repeatabilities of the same characteristics were found as 0.410±0.046, 0.233±0.051, 0.282±0.065, 0.141±0.060, 0.122±0.058, and 0.277±0.050, respectively. Key words: Black pied cattle, dairy performance, reproductive performance, heritability, repeatability.
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Tez (doktora) –Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 1997
Libra Kayıt No: 31501
Libra Kayıt No: 31501
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