Publication: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Öğrencilerinin Geleneksel ve Yeni Tütün Ürünlerini Bilme ve Kullanma Durumlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin geleneksel ve yeni tütün ürünlerini kullanma ve bilme durumlarını, yeni nesil tütün ürünlerini sigara bırakma aracı olarak görme durumlarını ve yeni tütün ürünlerini kullanmaya etki edebilecek faktörleri bulmak amaçlandı. Gereç-yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki araştırmanın evrenini Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi'nin bazı fakültelerinde öğrenim gören lisans öğrencileri oluşturdu. Evreni bilinen örneklem formülüne göre örneklem sayısı 412 olarak hesaplandı ve çalışma 486 kişiyle tamamlandı. Veriler 15.09.2024-15.10.2024 tarihleri arasında ilgili fakültelerde yüz yüze uygulanan anketler aracılığıyla toplandı. Anketlerde sosyodemografik özellikler, tütün ürünleri kullanma davranışları, tütün ürünleriyle ilgili bilgi soruları ve Fagerström Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi yer aldı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde Pearson ki-kare, Fisher Exact test, Fisher-Freeman-Halton testi, Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis ve Binary Lojistik Regresyon analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalamaları 20,8±2,7 yıl olup %61,3'ü kadındı. Halen düzenli olarak en sık kullanılan geleneksel tütün ürünleri sigara (%30,7), nargile (%4,7) ve sarma sigara (%4,3) iken yeni nesil ürünlerden en sık kullanılan e-sigara (%2,9) idi. Hem geleneksel (2 ila 40 kat) hem de yeni nesil tütün ürünlerinde (4 ila 6 kat) erkeklerin kullanım oranı kadınlardan daha fazlaydı. Katılımcıların çoğu e-sigara (%86,2) ve Puff'ın (%55,8) ne olduğunu bildiklerini, 'I Quit Ordinary Smoking' (IQOS) (%82,9) ve Juul'ü (%80,7) ise bilmediklerini ifade etti. Tütün ürünleriyle ilgili öğrencilerin %78,0'inin yetersiz bilgiye sahip olduğu belirlendi. Yeterli bilgisi olanların yeni nesil ürünleri en az bir kez kullanma sıklığı yetersiz bilgisi olanlara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). Yeni nesil tütün ürünlerini en az bir kez kullanma, erkek cinsiyet (Odds oranı [OR]: 2,8), diğer fakültelerde öğrenim görmek (OR: 1,5), arkadaşıyla evde kalmak (OR: 2,1), ailesinde bu ürünleri kullanan bireyin olması (OR: 2,1), bu ürünleri sigara bırakma aracı olarak görmek (OR: 3,7) ve tütün ürünleriyle ilgili yeterli bilgi düzeyine sahip olmak (OR: 2,6) ile ilişkili bulundu. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda yeni nesil tütün ürünlerinin düzenli kullanım oranları literatürdeki birçok çalışmaya göre düşük bulunsa da, bu ürünleri en az bir kez kullanma prevalansları azımsanmayacak düzeydedir. Bilgi düzeyinde eksiklerin bulunması bu ürünlerin zararları konusunda gençlerin yeterince bilinçli olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca bazı sosyodemografik ve davranışsal faktörlerin yeni nesil ürünleri kullanma ile ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerdeki en az bir kez kullanım davranışı düzenli kullanıma kadar gidebileceğinden üniversite öğrencileri arasında tütün ürünleriyle ilgili farkındalığın arttırılması, yeni nesil ürünlerin sağlık risklerinin vurgulanması ve gençlere yönelik tütün kontrol programlarının güçlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Tütün, Yeni tütün ürünleri, E-sigara, IQOS, Fagerstrom Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi
Objective: This study aimed to determine the knowledge and use of traditional and novel tobacco products among Ondokuz Mayıs University students, their perception of novel tobacco products as smoking cessation tools, and the factors that may influence the use of these products. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included undergraduate students from selected faculties of Ondokuz Mayıs University. The sample size was calculated as 412 using the known population formula, and the study was completed with 486 participants. Data were collected between 15 September and 15 October 2024 through face-to-face questionnaires administered in the faculties. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco use behaviors, knowledge about tobacco products, and included the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson's chi-square, Fisher's exact test, Fisher-Freeman-Halton test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean age of the participating students was 20.8±2.7 years, and 61.3% were female. Among traditional tobacco products, the most commonly used on a regular basis were cigarettes (30.7%), hookah (4.7%), and roll-your-own cigarettes (4.3%), while among novel products, the most frequently used was e-cigarettes (2.9%). For both traditional (2 to 40 times higher) and novel tobacco products (4 to 6 times higher), usage rates were greater among males compared to females. Most participants reported that they knew what e-cigarettes (86.2%) and Puff (55.8%) were, but stated that they were not familiar with 'I Quit Ordinary Smoking' (IQOS) (82.9%) and Juul (80.7%). A total of 78.0% of the students were found to have insufficient knowledge about tobacco products. The frequency of ever use of novel products was significantly higher among those with sufficient knowledge compared to those with insufficient knowledge (p<0.05). Ever use of novel tobacco products was associated with male gender (Odds Ratio [OR]: 2.8), studying in faculties other than health-related ones (OR: 1.5), living with friends at home (OR: 2.1), having family members who used such products (OR: 2.1), perceiving these products as smoking cessation tools (OR: 3.7), and having sufficient knowledge about tobacco products (OR: 2.6). Conclusion: Although the prevalence of regular use of novel tobacco products was lower compared to many studies in the literature, the prevalence of ever use was considerable. Knowledge gaps indicate that young people are not adequately aware of the harms of these products. In addition, certain sociodemographic and behavioral factors were found to be associated with the use of novel tobacco products. Since ever use among students may progress to regular use, it is necessary to increase awareness about tobacco products, emphasize the health risks of novel products, and strengthen tobacco control programs targeting young people. Keywords: Tobacco, Novel tobacco products, E-cigarette, IQOS, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence
Objective: This study aimed to determine the knowledge and use of traditional and novel tobacco products among Ondokuz Mayıs University students, their perception of novel tobacco products as smoking cessation tools, and the factors that may influence the use of these products. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included undergraduate students from selected faculties of Ondokuz Mayıs University. The sample size was calculated as 412 using the known population formula, and the study was completed with 486 participants. Data were collected between 15 September and 15 October 2024 through face-to-face questionnaires administered in the faculties. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco use behaviors, knowledge about tobacco products, and included the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson's chi-square, Fisher's exact test, Fisher-Freeman-Halton test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean age of the participating students was 20.8±2.7 years, and 61.3% were female. Among traditional tobacco products, the most commonly used on a regular basis were cigarettes (30.7%), hookah (4.7%), and roll-your-own cigarettes (4.3%), while among novel products, the most frequently used was e-cigarettes (2.9%). For both traditional (2 to 40 times higher) and novel tobacco products (4 to 6 times higher), usage rates were greater among males compared to females. Most participants reported that they knew what e-cigarettes (86.2%) and Puff (55.8%) were, but stated that they were not familiar with 'I Quit Ordinary Smoking' (IQOS) (82.9%) and Juul (80.7%). A total of 78.0% of the students were found to have insufficient knowledge about tobacco products. The frequency of ever use of novel products was significantly higher among those with sufficient knowledge compared to those with insufficient knowledge (p<0.05). Ever use of novel tobacco products was associated with male gender (Odds Ratio [OR]: 2.8), studying in faculties other than health-related ones (OR: 1.5), living with friends at home (OR: 2.1), having family members who used such products (OR: 2.1), perceiving these products as smoking cessation tools (OR: 3.7), and having sufficient knowledge about tobacco products (OR: 2.6). Conclusion: Although the prevalence of regular use of novel tobacco products was lower compared to many studies in the literature, the prevalence of ever use was considerable. Knowledge gaps indicate that young people are not adequately aware of the harms of these products. In addition, certain sociodemographic and behavioral factors were found to be associated with the use of novel tobacco products. Since ever use among students may progress to regular use, it is necessary to increase awareness about tobacco products, emphasize the health risks of novel products, and strengthen tobacco control programs targeting young people. Keywords: Tobacco, Novel tobacco products, E-cigarette, IQOS, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence
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