Risk Management in Maintenance Processes: A Spherical Fuzzy-Based Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Approach in the Glass Processing Industry

Abstract

Quality management systems are essential tools that aim to increase the competitiveness of businesses and ensure customer satisfaction by creating reliable quality control processes. In this study, the importance of the "riskbased thinking" approach of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001:2015 standard within the scope of quality management systems was emphasized, and a risk assessment was made for the maintenance process of a business in the glass processing sector. In order to eliminate the deficiencies of the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method, the integration of spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) and the Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method was used. Within the scope of the study, 17 different risks were determined by five experts from the maintenance, repair, and quality assurance departments. The experts evaluated these identified risks according to occurrence, severity, and detection factors. Then, these risks were ranked using the Spherical Fuzzy TOPSIS (SF-TOPSIS) method. Finally, different scenarios were created, and their results were discussed to provide a more comprehensive and sensitive risk management approach. This study focuses on maintenance processes in the glass processing industry as a case study. However, the risks related to the maintenance process defined in the study (e.g., machine failures, maintenance inefficiencies, spare parts shortages) are common in the manufacturing sector. Therefore, it can be applied to the sector where the application was carried out and to many different sectors and enterprises.This methodology also serves as a guide for businesses that want to manage process risks within the scope of ISO 9001:2015.