Publication: Sigara Bağımlılığının Romatoid Artrit ve Ankilozan Spondilit Hastalarının Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
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Amaç: Sigara Dünya'daki en önemli önlenebilir ölüm ve sekel nedenlerindendir ve günümüze değin bir çok hastalıkla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Romatoid Artrit ve Ankilozan Spondilit hastalıkları tüm vücutta harabiyete neden olabilen ve özellikle kas-iskelet sisteminde kendisini gösteren, aynı zamanda sigara ile de ilişkilendirilmiş inflamatuar, kronik seyirli hastalıklardır. Bu çalışmada sigara bağımlılığının Romatoid Artrit ve Ankilozan Spondilit hastalarının yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisini ölçmek amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve metot: Çalışma Mart 2014- Temmuz 2014 tarihleri arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi'nde takip edilen AS ve RA tanılı hastalar üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla hastalarla Aile hekimliği, Göğüs hastalıkları, Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon polikliniklerinde, ilgili anabilim dallarının izinleri dahilinde, yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Bunlar arasından sigara içenler çalışma, sigara içmeyenler ise kontrol grubu olarak kabul edilmiştir. Her iki gruba demografik bazı özellikleri içeren bir anket, SF-36, EQ-5D genel yaşam ölçeği uygulanmış ve veriler karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma grubundaki hastalara Fagerstrom Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi uygulanarak bağımlılık dereceleri ölçülmüş ve bu sayede bağımlılık dereceleri ile yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Toplam 145 görüşme yapılmıştır. Parametrik ve parametrik olmayan koşullara göre analizler yapılmış, istatistiksel açıdan anlamlılık düzeyi p< 0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Olguların % 54,5'i (n= 79) RA ve % 45,5'i (n= 66) AS tanısı almışlardı. Cinsiyetleri değerlendirildiğinde ise % 54,5'i (n=79) kadın, % 45,5'i ise (n=66) erkek idi. Hastalık etyolojisi açısından cinsiyetler değerlendirildiğinde RA'lı hastaların %69,6'sı (n=55) kadın, % 30,4'ü (n=24) erkek idi. AS'li vakalarda kadınlar için %36,4 (n=24), erkekler için % 63,6 (n=42) olarak saptanmıştır. RA tanılı katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 49,65 ±12,92 yıl iken, AS tanılı katılımcılarda 39,56±12,72 yıl idi. Yapılan ölçümlere göre RA'lı hastaların VKİ'lerinin AS'li olgulardan daha fazla olduğu gözlenmiştir (t= 3,880, p<0,01). Sigara içme durumları irdelendiğinde RA hastalarının %39,2'si, AS hastalarının ise %50,0'ı sigara içmekteydi. RA'lı hastaların ortalama sigara tüketimi 17,94±14,73 paket/yıl, AS'li hastaların ortalama sigara tüketimi 13,03±9,50 paket/yıl idi ve aralarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu. RA hastaların yaşam kalitesi skorları AS'li hastalara kıyasla SF-36 yaşam kalitesi alt grup ölçeklerinin hepsinde ve EQ-5D ölçeğinde daha düşük bulunmuştur. Sigara kullanan hastaların sigaraya başlama yaşı ile hastalık semptomları başlangıcı arasında belirgin bir korelasyon izlenememiştir (r=-0,004, p=0,953) fakat paket/yıl miktarı daha yüksek olan vakalarla erken hastalık semptomu ortaya çıkarma arasında orta düzeyde bir korelasyon vardır ( x2= 0,419, p<0,001). Sonuç: RA tanılı hastaların yaş ortalamaları AS tanılı hastalardan daha büyük idi. RA'lı hastaların VKİ'lerinin AS'li olgulardan daha fazla olduğu gözlenmiştir. Gruplar arasında ortalama sigara tüketim miktarları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu. AS'li hastaların belirtilerinin RA'lı hastalardan yaklaşık olarak 10 yıl daha önce başladığı izlenmiştir. Hastalar tüm alt alanlardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düşük puanlar almışlardır ve AS tanılı hastalar bütün ölçek skorlamalarında RA tanılı hastalardan daha yüksek puan almışlardır. Her iki hastalıkta da sigara içenlerin VKİ değerleri daha düşük bulunmuştur. Sigara içenler arasında bağımlı olmanın SF-36 yaşam kalitesi alt grupları ve EQ-5D yaşam kalitesi skorları ile bir ilişkisi bulunamamıştır. Hastaların sigara içmeleriyle içmemelerinin yaşam kalitesine etkisini araştırdığımızda ise sigara içenlerin yaşam kalitesi puanlarının istatistiki olarak anlamsız olmakla beraber daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sosyo-demografik özellikler ile SF-36 ve EQ-5D arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz eden regresyon modelinde anlamlı sonuç alınmamıştır.
Objective: Smoking is one of the most significant causes of death and sequela and it has been associated with a number of diseases up to date. Having associated with smoking, Rheumatoid arthritis and Ankylosing spondylitis are inflammatory diseases with chronic course specifically occurring in the musculoskeletal system and they can cause destructive effects on the whole body. In this study, we aimed at measuring the effect of smoking addiction on the life quality of patients with Rheumatoid arthritis and Ankylosing spondylitis. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on the patients diagnosed with RA and AS who were keeping under surveillance at Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Hospital between March 2014 and July 2014. For this purpose, a series of face-to-face patient interviews were performed in outpatient clinics of Family Practice, Pulmonology and Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation under the permission of relevant departments. Since these patients were categorized into two groups according to their smoking status, the patients who smoke were included in the study group, whereas the non-smoker patients were accepted as control group. Both of these groups were conducted a questionnaire including certain demographic attributes, SF-36 and EQ-5D general life scale, and the data obtained were comparatively evaluated. The levels of addiction to nicotine in the study group were measured by performing Fagerstrom Addiction to Nicotine Test to the patients, so that an association between their addiction levels and life quality was investigated. A total of 145 interviews were performed, followed by a series of analysis was carried out regarding to both parametric and non-parametric conditions, and p<0.05 was accepted as the statistical significance level. Findings: Of all the subjects, 54.5 % (n=79) were diagnosed as RA, while 45.5 (n=66) were AS. Regarding to their gender, again 54.5 % (n=79) were females whereas 45.5 % (n=66) were male. When evaluating the genders in terms of disease etiologies, 69,6 % (n=55) of patients with RA were female and 30,4 % (n=24) were male, while as for AS cases, 36,4 % (n=24) were female and 63,6 % (n=42) were male. The mean age of participants with RA diagnosis was found as 49.65 ±12.92 years, while it was 39.56±12,72 years in AS diagnosed participants. According to the results of measurements, it was observed that BMI values were higher in RA patients than AS subjects (t= 3,880, p<0.01). Regarding to their smoking status, only 39.2 % of RA patients were found to be smoker, while this rate was 50.0 % in AS patients. The average cigarette consumption of both the patients with RA and AS was found 17.94±14.73 and 13.03±9.50 packet/year, respectively suggesting no statistically significant difference. The life quality scores were lower in all of the SF-36 life quality sub-group scales and EQ-5D scale in RA patients than those of AS patients. No distinct correlation was observed between the age to start smoking and the onset of disease symptoms (r=-0.004, p=0.953), however, a mild correlation was found between the cases with higher cigarette consumption per packet/year and early incidence of disease symptoms (x2= 0.419, p<0.001). Conclusion: The mean ages of RA patients were higher than those of AS diagnosed patients. The BMI values were observed higher in RA patients compared to AS subjects. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of average cigarette consumption. The disease symptoms of AS patients were observed to get started 10 years earlier than those of RA patients. The patients had statistically significant lower scores from all the sub-fields and the patients with AS had higher scores in all scaling compared to RA patients. The BMIs of smokers were lower in both diseases. Addiction to smoke was not associated with SF-36 life quality sub-groups and EQ-5D life quality scores. Investigating the effect of smoking status on life quality, we found that the life quality scores of smokers were insignificantly higher. Finally, no significant result was obtained from the regression model analyzing the relationship between socio-demographic attributes, and SF-36 and EQ-5D.
Objective: Smoking is one of the most significant causes of death and sequela and it has been associated with a number of diseases up to date. Having associated with smoking, Rheumatoid arthritis and Ankylosing spondylitis are inflammatory diseases with chronic course specifically occurring in the musculoskeletal system and they can cause destructive effects on the whole body. In this study, we aimed at measuring the effect of smoking addiction on the life quality of patients with Rheumatoid arthritis and Ankylosing spondylitis. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on the patients diagnosed with RA and AS who were keeping under surveillance at Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Hospital between March 2014 and July 2014. For this purpose, a series of face-to-face patient interviews were performed in outpatient clinics of Family Practice, Pulmonology and Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation under the permission of relevant departments. Since these patients were categorized into two groups according to their smoking status, the patients who smoke were included in the study group, whereas the non-smoker patients were accepted as control group. Both of these groups were conducted a questionnaire including certain demographic attributes, SF-36 and EQ-5D general life scale, and the data obtained were comparatively evaluated. The levels of addiction to nicotine in the study group were measured by performing Fagerstrom Addiction to Nicotine Test to the patients, so that an association between their addiction levels and life quality was investigated. A total of 145 interviews were performed, followed by a series of analysis was carried out regarding to both parametric and non-parametric conditions, and p<0.05 was accepted as the statistical significance level. Findings: Of all the subjects, 54.5 % (n=79) were diagnosed as RA, while 45.5 (n=66) were AS. Regarding to their gender, again 54.5 % (n=79) were females whereas 45.5 % (n=66) were male. When evaluating the genders in terms of disease etiologies, 69,6 % (n=55) of patients with RA were female and 30,4 % (n=24) were male, while as for AS cases, 36,4 % (n=24) were female and 63,6 % (n=42) were male. The mean age of participants with RA diagnosis was found as 49.65 ±12.92 years, while it was 39.56±12,72 years in AS diagnosed participants. According to the results of measurements, it was observed that BMI values were higher in RA patients than AS subjects (t= 3,880, p<0.01). Regarding to their smoking status, only 39.2 % of RA patients were found to be smoker, while this rate was 50.0 % in AS patients. The average cigarette consumption of both the patients with RA and AS was found 17.94±14.73 and 13.03±9.50 packet/year, respectively suggesting no statistically significant difference. The life quality scores were lower in all of the SF-36 life quality sub-group scales and EQ-5D scale in RA patients than those of AS patients. No distinct correlation was observed between the age to start smoking and the onset of disease symptoms (r=-0.004, p=0.953), however, a mild correlation was found between the cases with higher cigarette consumption per packet/year and early incidence of disease symptoms (x2= 0.419, p<0.001). Conclusion: The mean ages of RA patients were higher than those of AS diagnosed patients. The BMI values were observed higher in RA patients compared to AS subjects. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of average cigarette consumption. The disease symptoms of AS patients were observed to get started 10 years earlier than those of RA patients. The patients had statistically significant lower scores from all the sub-fields and the patients with AS had higher scores in all scaling compared to RA patients. The BMIs of smokers were lower in both diseases. Addiction to smoke was not associated with SF-36 life quality sub-groups and EQ-5D life quality scores. Investigating the effect of smoking status on life quality, we found that the life quality scores of smokers were insignificantly higher. Finally, no significant result was obtained from the regression model analyzing the relationship between socio-demographic attributes, and SF-36 and EQ-5D.
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Tez (tıpta uzmanlık) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2014
Libra Kayıt No: 110113
Libra Kayıt No: 110113
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