The Influence of Autologous Stem Cells Obtained From Different Sources on the Process of Regeneration of Acellular Muscle Tissue

Abstract

In the present experimental study, muscle defects of 32X6 mm in the anterior abdominal wall were modeled in 25 rats (5 animals in each series) of the Sprague Dowley, weighing 300-350 g. The muscle grafts obtained were frozen in liquid nitrogen and boiled water for 1 minut. Acellularized autologous muscular skeletons are newly sewn to the defect area. Only in the I series are used live muscle, and in the rest are transplanted acellular muscle patches. In the II series of muscle scraps introduced myotoxic anesthetic (0,5% solution of Marcain), in III - the drug also introduced healthy muscles around the implanted muscle. In the IV series of acellular muscle patches, a suspension of mesenchymal stem cells of the bone marrow genesis was introduced, and in the V series a suspension of the stromal vascular fraction obtained from adipose tissue of the anterior abdominal wall of rats. The degree of engraftment of muscle grafts was studied by morphological methods, their magnitude was calculated by the computer program Image J and the percentage of fibrous and muscular tissue-regenerated parts was studied. It was found that the most healing of muscle grafts was noted in the control series because of autotransplantation of living muscle segments (the ratio of fibrous sites in the regenerated muscular zones was 66,62% by 33,8%), and also in animals IV (85,48% at 14,52%) and V (55,95% by 44,05%) of the series, in which the implantation of mesenchymal stem cells and the suprematism of the stromal vascular fraction stimulated the regeneration of muscle fibers.