Publication: Amasya'da Yetiştirilen Bazı Kiraz Çeşitlerinde Derim Öncesi Çeşitli Kimyasal Uygulamaların Meyve Çatlaması ve Bazı Meyve Özelliklerine Etkileri Üzerinde Araştırmalar
Loading...
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract
IV ÖZET AMASYA'DA YETİŞTİRİLEN BAZI KİRAZ ÇEŞİTLERİNDE DERİM ÖNCESİ ÇEŞİTLİ KİMYASAL UYGULAMALARININ MEYVE ÇATLAMASI VE BAZI MEYVE ÖZELLİKLERİNE ETKİLERİ ÜZERİNDE ARAŞTIRMALAR Bu araştırma 1994-1996 yıllarında Amasya'da yapılmıştır. Araştırmada derim öncesi değişik kimyasal madde uygulamalarının 0900 Ziraat, Lambert ve Van kiraz çeşitlerinde meyve çatlaması, bazı kalite özellikleri ve meyve kabuk yapısı üzerine etkilerinin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla deneme çeşitlerinin ağaçlarına derimden yaklaşık 30-35 gün önce GA3 (20 ppm), NAA (1 ppm), GA3+NAA (20+1 ppm), GA3+Ca(OH)2 (20 ppm+%0.7) ve GA3+NAA+Ca(OH)2 (20 ppm+lppm+ %0.7) uygulamaları ile derimden yaklaşık 30-35 (üç kez), 20 (iki kez) ve 10 (bir kez) gün önce olmak üzere Ca(OH)2 (%0.7) uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Denemelerde 1994 ve 1995 yıllarında GA3, NAA ve kombinasyonu ve bunların Ca(OH)2 ile kombinasyonları çatlamayı azaltmış, fakat genel olarak meyve kalitesi üzerine önemli etki yapmamıştır. Çatlamayı önleme ve meyve kalitesi açısından en iyi sonuç 0900 Ziraat ve Van kirazlarında GA3 uygulamalarından elde edilmiştir. Kombinasyon uygulamalarının, büyümeyi düzenleyicilerin tek başına uygulanmasına göre üstünlükleri olmamıştır. Ca(OH)2 uygulamaları da çatlamayı azaltmış, derim öncesi üst üste 3 kez (ardışık) uygulama genel olarak daha etkili olmuştur. Ca(OH)2 uygulamaları meyve ağırlığım düşürmüş, suda çözünür kuru madde içeriği (SÇKM) ve meyve sertliğini artırmıştır. Denemelerde Ca(OH)2 uygulamaları meyve ve meyve kabuğunun Ca içeriğini bir miktar artırmış, ancak genel olarak tüm kimyasal madde uygulamaları meyve ve meyve kabuğunun Ca, Mg, K ve P içeriklerini etkilememiş veya bazı durumlarda etkileri tutarsız olmuş, N içeriklerini ise bir miktar azaltmıştır. Deneme çeşitlerinin meyve kabuğunda yapılan histolojik incelemeler, çatlamaya dayanıklı 0900 Ziraat çeşidinin, çatlamaya duyarlı Lambert ve Van'a göre daha kalın kütiküla ve epiderm tabakalarına sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Değişik kimyasal madde uygulamaları deneme çeşitlerinin kütiküla kalınlığı ile üst ve alt epiderm hücrelerinin boyutları üzerine farklı etkiler yapmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Prunus avium, çatlama, NAA, GA3, Ca(OH)2, epidermal özellikler
ABSTRACT THE EFFECTS OF PREHARVEST CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS ON FRUIT CRACKING AND FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS GROWING IN AMASYA This research was carried out in Amasya from 1994 to 1996. In this research, it was aimed to determine the effect of various chemical applications before harvest on the fruit cracking, fruit quality parameters and epidermal characteristics in 0900 Ziraat, Lambert and Van sweet cherries. For this aim, the trees of the cherry cultivars were sprayed with GA3 (20 ppm), NAA (1 ppm), GA3+NAA (20+1 ppm), GA3+Ca(OH>2 (20 ppm+%0.7) and GA3+NAA+Ca(OH)2 (20 ppm+lppm+ %0.7) approximately 30-35 days before the harvest and also single and multiple applications of Ca(OH)2 (%0.7) at ten day intervals 30 (triple), 20 (twice) and 10 (single) days before the harvest were sprayed. GA3, NAA, their combinations and with Ca(OH)2 of the same chemicals applications reduced the fruit cracking both 1994 and 1995, but quality has not effected, generally. The best result for both preventing the cracking and quality observed from GA3 application at 0900 Ziraat and Van cherry cultivars. The combined applications of plant growth regulators have not got any superiority compared with the single applications of them. The applications of Ca(OH)2 also reduced the cracking and the triple application before harvest was better than others, generally. Ca(OH)2 applications reduced fruit weight and increased fruit firmness and TSS. Although Ca(OH)2 applications increased Ca content of fruit and skin, the effect of chemicals applications on Ca, Mg, K and P content of fruit and skin was non significantly and sometimes inconsistently, but they reduced the N content, generally. The histological observations of fruit skin showed that the 0900 Ziraat which is resistant to cracking has thicker cuticula and epidermal layers than Lambert and Van cherry cultivars were the susceptible to cracking. Chemical applications had different effect to the cuticular thickness and the dimensions of epidermal cells. Key words: Prunus avium, cracking, NAA, GA3, Ca(OH)2, epidermal characteristics
ABSTRACT THE EFFECTS OF PREHARVEST CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS ON FRUIT CRACKING AND FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS GROWING IN AMASYA This research was carried out in Amasya from 1994 to 1996. In this research, it was aimed to determine the effect of various chemical applications before harvest on the fruit cracking, fruit quality parameters and epidermal characteristics in 0900 Ziraat, Lambert and Van sweet cherries. For this aim, the trees of the cherry cultivars were sprayed with GA3 (20 ppm), NAA (1 ppm), GA3+NAA (20+1 ppm), GA3+Ca(OH>2 (20 ppm+%0.7) and GA3+NAA+Ca(OH)2 (20 ppm+lppm+ %0.7) approximately 30-35 days before the harvest and also single and multiple applications of Ca(OH)2 (%0.7) at ten day intervals 30 (triple), 20 (twice) and 10 (single) days before the harvest were sprayed. GA3, NAA, their combinations and with Ca(OH)2 of the same chemicals applications reduced the fruit cracking both 1994 and 1995, but quality has not effected, generally. The best result for both preventing the cracking and quality observed from GA3 application at 0900 Ziraat and Van cherry cultivars. The combined applications of plant growth regulators have not got any superiority compared with the single applications of them. The applications of Ca(OH)2 also reduced the cracking and the triple application before harvest was better than others, generally. Ca(OH)2 applications reduced fruit weight and increased fruit firmness and TSS. Although Ca(OH)2 applications increased Ca content of fruit and skin, the effect of chemicals applications on Ca, Mg, K and P content of fruit and skin was non significantly and sometimes inconsistently, but they reduced the N content, generally. The histological observations of fruit skin showed that the 0900 Ziraat which is resistant to cracking has thicker cuticula and epidermal layers than Lambert and Van cherry cultivars were the susceptible to cracking. Chemical applications had different effect to the cuticular thickness and the dimensions of epidermal cells. Key words: Prunus avium, cracking, NAA, GA3, Ca(OH)2, epidermal characteristics
Description
Tez (doktora) –Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 1997
Libra Kayıt No: 31519
Libra Kayıt No: 31519
Keywords
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
178
