Publication: Biyokütleden Adsorbent Elde Edilmesi ve Boyar Madde Gideriminde Etkinliğinin Araştırılması
Abstract
Tez çalışmasında, Kızılırmak deltasından toplanan tarımsal biyokütle olan saz (Phragmites australis) bitkisi aktif karbon eldesi için kullanılmıştır. Aktif karbon eldesinde iki farklı yöntem denenmiştir. Birinci yöntemde saz bitkisi NaOH ile aktive edilerek karbonizasyon işlemine tabi tutulmuştur (SAK). İkinci yöntemde ise sazın hidrotermal karbonizasyonundan elde edilen hidrokokun NaOH aktivasyonu yoluyla mezogözenekli aktif karbon elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır (HTC). Hazırlanan aktif karbonların sulu çözeltiden boyar madde giderim kapasiteleri Telon Red adsorpsiyonu model alınarak incelenmiştir. Üretilen aktif karboların yapısı SEM analiz tekniği ile araştırılmıştır. NaOH aktivasyonu hidrokokun gözenekliliğini ve yüzey işlevselliğini geliştirdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, hem karbonizasyon işleminde hem de hidrotermal karbonizasyon işlemi için saz ve NaOH oranı 1:3 olarak kullanılmıştır. Hazırlanan aktif karbon numuneleriyle, sentetik atık sudan Telon Red giderimi üzerine adsorpsiyon çalışmaları yapılmış olup başlangıç konsantrasyonu (50-1000 mg/L), temas süresi (5-180 dak), pH (3-11), adsorbent dozu (0.1-0.6 g/L) ve sıcaklık (20-60°C) parametrelerinin adsorpsiyon prosesi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalara paralel olarak karşılaştırma yapmak için aynı deneysel koşullarda ticari aktif karbonla da (TAK) adsorpsiyon çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Yapılan adsorpsiyon kinetiği çalışmalarında Yalancı ikinci dereceden model en iyi kinetik verileri tanımlamış olup adsorpsiyon izoterminde ise en uygun sonuç Langmuir izoterm modeli ile elde edilmiştir. Hidrotermal karbonizasyon yöntemi (HTC) ile üretilen aktif karbonların en yüksek boya adsorplama kapasitesine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Karbonizasyon ve hidrotermal karbonizasyon yöntemi ile elde edilen aktif karbonlar hidrofilik özelliğe sahip olup, oldukça yüksek reaktif fonksiyonel gruplar içerdiğinden atık su arıtımında verimli adsorbanlar elde etmek için tercih edilebilir olduğu görülmektedir.
In this study, the reed plant (Phragmites australis) collected from the Kızılırmak delta as agricultural biomass was used for the production of activated carbon. Two different methods were tried for the production of activated carbon. In the first method, the reed plant was activated with NaOH and subjected to carbonization (SAK). In the second method, mesoporous activated carbon was attempted to be obtained through NaOH activation of hydrochar obtained from the hydrothermal carbonization of reed (HTC). The dye removal capacities of the prepared activated carbons from aqueous solutions were investigated by taking the Telon Red adsorption model. The structure of the produced activated carbons was investigated by SEM analysis technique. It was determined that NaOH activation improved the porosity and surface functionality of the hydrochar. In this study, the reed and NaOH ratio of 1:3 was used for both carbonization and hydrothermal carbonization processes. Adsorption studies were carried out on Telon Red removal from synthetic wastewater using the prepared activated carbon samples under the same experimental conditions to make a comparison, while adsorption studies were also carried out with commercial activated carbon (TAK). The effects of initial concentration (50-1000 mg/L), contact time (5-180 min), pH (3-11), adsorbent dose (0.1-0.6 g/L), and temperature (20-60°C) parameters on the adsorption process were investigated. In kinetic adsorption studies, the pseudo-second-order model described the best kinetic data, and the Langmuir isotherm model provided the most relevant result in the adsorption isotherm. It was observed that activated carbons produced by the hydrothermal carbonization method (HTC) had the highest dye adsorption capacity. Activated carbons obtained by carbonization and hydrothermal carbonization methods have hydrophilic properties and contain highly reactive functional groups, making them suitable for obtaining efficient adsorbents in wastewater treatment.
In this study, the reed plant (Phragmites australis) collected from the Kızılırmak delta as agricultural biomass was used for the production of activated carbon. Two different methods were tried for the production of activated carbon. In the first method, the reed plant was activated with NaOH and subjected to carbonization (SAK). In the second method, mesoporous activated carbon was attempted to be obtained through NaOH activation of hydrochar obtained from the hydrothermal carbonization of reed (HTC). The dye removal capacities of the prepared activated carbons from aqueous solutions were investigated by taking the Telon Red adsorption model. The structure of the produced activated carbons was investigated by SEM analysis technique. It was determined that NaOH activation improved the porosity and surface functionality of the hydrochar. In this study, the reed and NaOH ratio of 1:3 was used for both carbonization and hydrothermal carbonization processes. Adsorption studies were carried out on Telon Red removal from synthetic wastewater using the prepared activated carbon samples under the same experimental conditions to make a comparison, while adsorption studies were also carried out with commercial activated carbon (TAK). The effects of initial concentration (50-1000 mg/L), contact time (5-180 min), pH (3-11), adsorbent dose (0.1-0.6 g/L), and temperature (20-60°C) parameters on the adsorption process were investigated. In kinetic adsorption studies, the pseudo-second-order model described the best kinetic data, and the Langmuir isotherm model provided the most relevant result in the adsorption isotherm. It was observed that activated carbons produced by the hydrothermal carbonization method (HTC) had the highest dye adsorption capacity. Activated carbons obtained by carbonization and hydrothermal carbonization methods have hydrophilic properties and contain highly reactive functional groups, making them suitable for obtaining efficient adsorbents in wastewater treatment.
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