Publication: Kök Ur Nematodu Meloidogyne Arenaria Neal (Nematoda: Heteroderidae)'nın Morfolojisi ve Domates Çeşidindeki (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Biyolojisi
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Kök-ur nematodları dünya genelinde kültür bitkilerinde ekonomik olarak önemli verim kayıpları oluşturan ve çok geniş konukçu dizisine sahip olan önemli zararlı gruplarından biridir. Yapılan bu çalışmada sebzelerde zararlı olan Meloidogyne arenaria'nın değişik dönemlerinin morfolojik özellikleri ve hassas domates çeşidinde biyolojisi saptanmıştır. Araştırmada yapay bulaştırılan kök ur nematod yumurtaları bitki köklerinde günlük incelemeler yapılmış 2., 3. ve 4. larva dönemlerinin morfolojik özellikleri mikroskop altında tespit edilmiştir. M. arenaria türünün morfolojisi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda yumurtaların 45.12 µm eninde ve 106.52 µm boyunda oldukları tespit edilirken, larvaların ise boy ve en ölçüm değerleri 453.4 ve 14.85 µm olarak saptanmıştır. Ergin dişiye ait stilet uzunluğu 15.32 µm iken, ergin erkek stilet uzunluğu ise 22.12 µm olarak tespit edilmiştir. M. arenaria türünün biyolojisini saptamak amacıyla, hassasiyeti bilinen domates bitkisi (Solanum lycopersicum L.) kullanılmıştır. Saksı denemeleri sırasında toprak 165 0C sıcaklıkta etüvde 3 saat tutulmuş ve torfta 3-4 yapraklı hale getirilen domates fideleri, içinde steril toprak bulunan saksılar şaşırtılmıştır. Seri kültür populasyonlarından elde edilen M. arenaria yumurtaları (2000) bitkilere standart yöntemlerle bulaştırılmış ve bulaştırmadan sonra, her gün 2 bitki ince köklerine zarar vermeden topraktan sökülerek, kökler asit fuksin ile boyanmıştır. Larvaların kökteki ilk tespiti bulaştırmadan 2 gün sonra olduğu belirlenmiş ve larvadaki ilk şişkinliklere 8 gün sonra rastlanılmıştır. Cinsiyet farklılığı bulaştırmadan sonraki 6-10 günlerde tespit edilmiştir. Aynı gün içinde hem 3. dönem hem de 4. dönem larvalara rastlanılmıştır. Çalışmalar sırasında ilk ergin dişiye bulaştırmadan sonraki 30. günde rastlanılmış olup; ilk yumurta veren dişiye ise 33. günde rastlanılmıştır.
Root-knot nematodes are the most economically important pest species with an extremely wide host range and high damage potential around worldwide. In this study conducted in vegetables that are harmful Meloidogyne arenaria the morphological characteristics of different periods and biology in susceptible tomato cultivars. Artificially infected with root-knot nematode eggs daily studies conducted in research on plant roots 2nd, 3rd and 4th larval stages of morphological features have been identified under a microscope. M. arenaria types of eggs as a result of studies on the morphology were detected in at 45.12 µm and they were neck 106.52 µm, while the larvae length and the measured values were determined as 453.4 and 14.85 µm. Adult females belonging stylet length is 15.32 µm and adult male stylet length is 22.12 µm. In order to determine the biology of the species M. arenaria, the sensitivity of known tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were used. Pot experiments during soil kept in the oven for 3 hours at 165 0C and made the 3-4 leaf tomato seedlings in peat, with sterile potting soil inside was surprised. Series obtained from cultures of M. arenaria populations eggs (2000) and after transmitting the infection to the standard methods with plants every day, two plants were removed from the soil without damaging the fine roots, roots were stained with acid fuchsin. The first detection of infection in the root of the larvae was determined that two days later, and the first bulge in the larvae was observed after 8 days. Gender differences were detected in the next 6-10 days from infection. The first adult teeth to infect the next 30 days has been observed during the studies; The first egg was observed that the female is 33 days.
Root-knot nematodes are the most economically important pest species with an extremely wide host range and high damage potential around worldwide. In this study conducted in vegetables that are harmful Meloidogyne arenaria the morphological characteristics of different periods and biology in susceptible tomato cultivars. Artificially infected with root-knot nematode eggs daily studies conducted in research on plant roots 2nd, 3rd and 4th larval stages of morphological features have been identified under a microscope. M. arenaria types of eggs as a result of studies on the morphology were detected in at 45.12 µm and they were neck 106.52 µm, while the larvae length and the measured values were determined as 453.4 and 14.85 µm. Adult females belonging stylet length is 15.32 µm and adult male stylet length is 22.12 µm. In order to determine the biology of the species M. arenaria, the sensitivity of known tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were used. Pot experiments during soil kept in the oven for 3 hours at 165 0C and made the 3-4 leaf tomato seedlings in peat, with sterile potting soil inside was surprised. Series obtained from cultures of M. arenaria populations eggs (2000) and after transmitting the infection to the standard methods with plants every day, two plants were removed from the soil without damaging the fine roots, roots were stained with acid fuchsin. The first detection of infection in the root of the larvae was determined that two days later, and the first bulge in the larvae was observed after 8 days. Gender differences were detected in the next 6-10 days from infection. The first adult teeth to infect the next 30 days has been observed during the studies; The first egg was observed that the female is 33 days.
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Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2015
Libra Kayıt No: 116011
Libra Kayıt No: 116011
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63
