Publication: Dünyada Okul Sosyal Hizmeti: Bir Karma-Meta Çalışması
Abstract
Bu araştırmanın amacı okul sosyal hizmetine ilişkin yayınlanmış nitel ve nicel çalışmaların derinlemesine incelenmesi ve bütüncül bir şekilde sentezlenmesidir. Bunun yanı sıra uluslararası literatür ışığında Türkiye'de okul sosyal hizmetinin yapılandırılması sürecine hem teorik hem de uygulama boyutu ile bütüncül ve derinlikli bir kavrayış sağlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu araştırma; uluslararası literatürde okul sosyal hizmeti ile ilgili yayınlanmış makale ve tezler içerisinde nitel olan çalışmaların ikincil analizinde meta-sentez yöntemine, nicel olan çalışmaların ikincil analizinde meta-analiz yöntemine dayalı olarak karma-meta yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizi yapılacak yayınların belirlenmesi sürecinde amaçlı örneklem seçimi kullanılarak EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science ve ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global veri tabanlarında 'school social work' anahtar sözcüğü aratılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen elemeler sonucunda elde edilen nitel 10 makale ve 11 tez meta-sentez ile nicel 6 makale ve 1 tez ise meta-analiz ile analiz edilmiştir. Nitel verilerin analizinde MAXQDA 2024, nicel verilerin analizinde ise CMA 3.3.070 analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda öğrencilerin; pandemi ile ilgili sorunlar, ekonomik sorunlar, iletişim sorunları, aile ile ilgili sorunlar, akademik sorunlar, özel eğitim sorunları, akranlarla ilgili sorunlar, cinsiyet farklılığı sorunları vb. sorunlar yaşadığı; bu sorunlara yönelik okul sosyal hizmeti kapsamında okul, ev, kamusal alan ve online ortamlarda kaynaklara yönlendirme, danışmanlık, krize müdahale, eğitim, grup çalışması vb. müdahale yöntemleri kullanılarak uygulama gerçekleştirildiği; gerçekleştirilen uygulamalarda işbirliği, güven, süpervizörlük ve güncelliğin uygulamanın temel unsurları olduğu ve müdahale süreçlerinde; iş tanımı ve rollerinin olmaması, ebeveynlerin güven eksikliği ve iletişim kurmaması, meslek elemanlarına rehberlik yapılmaması, yetersiz zaman, fazla iş yükü, fiziki şartların yetersizliği gibi sorunlarla karşılaşıldığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Okul sosyal hizmetine yönelik elde edilen bu sonuçların, araştırmanın amaçları doğrultusunda Türkiye'de okul sosyal hizmetinin yapılandırılması sürecine temel oluşturduğu görülmektedir.
The purpose of this research is to deeply examine and holistically synthesize published qualitative and quantitative studies on school social work. In addition, in the light of international literature, it is aimed to provide a holistic and in-depth understanding of the structuring process of school social work in Turkey with both theoretical and practical dimensions. This research was conducted with mixed-meta method based on meta-synthesis method in the secondary analysis of qualitative studies and meta-analysis method in the secondary analysis of quantitative studies among the articles and theses published in the international literature on school social work. In the process of determining the publications to be analysed, the keyword 'school social work' was searched in EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global databases using purposive sampling. As a result of the screening process, 10 qualitative articles and 11 theses were analysed by meta-synthesis and 6 quantitative articles and 1 thesis were analysed by meta-analysis. MAXQDA 2024 was used in the analysis of qualitative data and CMA 3.3.070 analysis software was used in the analysis of quantitative data. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that students experienced problems such as pandemic-related problems, economic problems, communication problems, family-related problems, academic problems, special education problems, peer-related problems, gender difference problems, etc.; intervention methods such as referral to resources, counseling, crisis intervention, education, group work, etc. were used within the scope of school social service for these problems; cooperation, trust, supervision, and timeliness were the basic elements of the application in the applications carried out, and problems such as lack of job descriptions and roles, lack of trust and communication of parents, lack of guidance to professional staff, insufficient time, excessive workload, and insufficient physical conditions were encountered in the intervention processes. It is seen that these results obtained for school social work form the basis for the structuring process of school social work in Turkey in line with the aims of the research.
The purpose of this research is to deeply examine and holistically synthesize published qualitative and quantitative studies on school social work. In addition, in the light of international literature, it is aimed to provide a holistic and in-depth understanding of the structuring process of school social work in Turkey with both theoretical and practical dimensions. This research was conducted with mixed-meta method based on meta-synthesis method in the secondary analysis of qualitative studies and meta-analysis method in the secondary analysis of quantitative studies among the articles and theses published in the international literature on school social work. In the process of determining the publications to be analysed, the keyword 'school social work' was searched in EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global databases using purposive sampling. As a result of the screening process, 10 qualitative articles and 11 theses were analysed by meta-synthesis and 6 quantitative articles and 1 thesis were analysed by meta-analysis. MAXQDA 2024 was used in the analysis of qualitative data and CMA 3.3.070 analysis software was used in the analysis of quantitative data. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that students experienced problems such as pandemic-related problems, economic problems, communication problems, family-related problems, academic problems, special education problems, peer-related problems, gender difference problems, etc.; intervention methods such as referral to resources, counseling, crisis intervention, education, group work, etc. were used within the scope of school social service for these problems; cooperation, trust, supervision, and timeliness were the basic elements of the application in the applications carried out, and problems such as lack of job descriptions and roles, lack of trust and communication of parents, lack of guidance to professional staff, insufficient time, excessive workload, and insufficient physical conditions were encountered in the intervention processes. It is seen that these results obtained for school social work form the basis for the structuring process of school social work in Turkey in line with the aims of the research.
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