Publication: Feminist Sosyal Hizmet Perspektifiyle Kahramanmaraş Depremlerini Deneyimleyen Kadınların Travma Düzeyleriyle Psikolojik Dayanıklılıklarının İncelenmesi
Abstract
Tez çalışması, 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremlerini deneyimleyen kadınların travma düzeyleriyle psikolojik dayanıklılıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kadınların, deprem öncesinde var olan cinsiyet temelli eşitsiz durumlarına eklemlenen depremzede olmanın ortaya çıkardığı çoklu dezavantajlılık durumunu feminist sosyal hizmet perspektifinden değerlendirmek ise tezin bir diğer hedefidir. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını belirlemede, tezin geçerlilik ve güvenirliğine katkı sağlaması bakımından, evreni en yüksek temsil gücüne sahip örneklem sayısına ulaşmak için katılımcıların seçilmesinde birden çok örnekleme tekniğine başvurularak örneklem büyüklüğü hesaplanmıştır. Bu kapsamda 'G. Power-3.1.9.2' programına başvurulmuş ve bu çalışmanın ölçme aracında yer alan soruların beş katına ulaşmanın yeterli olacağı düşüncesiyle hareket edilmiştir. Tüm bunların yanında, evrene ölçüt (kriter) örnekleme ve kartopu örnekleme teknikleri de uygulanmıştır. Dolayısıyla çalışmanın katılımcılarını, deprem sonrası Samsun iline yerleşen 18 yaş üstü 320 depremzede kadın oluşturmaktadır. Tez çalışması, nicel araştırmanın süreç ve yöntemlerine göre yürütülmüş olup, ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Depremzede Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Deprem Sonrası Travma Düzeyini Belirleme Ölçeği ve Yetişkinler İçin Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın gerekli izinleri, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesine bağlı Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Etik Kurulundan alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen özel bulgular, güncel literatür ışığında metnin sonunda tartışılmıştır. Ancak genel olarak söylenebilir ki depremzede kadınların kırılganlıkları hem kadın hem de depremzede olmalarıyla kesişen çoklu dezavantajlılıkla daha da büyüyerek derinleşmiş ve şiddetlenmiştir. Dahası kadınların depremzedelik durumundan ağır bir şekilde etkilendikleri ve çoklu bir kriz yaşadıkları, elde edilen diğer bir genel sonuçtur. Tüm bu tespitler doğrultusunda, kadınların güçlendirilmelerine ve kırılganlıklarını azaltmaya yönelik önerilere, sosyal hizmet disiplininin mikro, mezzo ve makro müdahaleleri ekseninde yer verilmiştir.
The thesis study aims at analyzing the relationship between the trauma levels and psychological resilience of women who experienced the Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence on February 6, 2023. Another objective of the thesis is to evaluate the multiple disadvantaged status of women stemming from being an earthquake victim added to their preexisting gender-based unequal situation before the disaster through the perspective of feminist social work. While determining the participants of the study, in order to contribute to the validity and reliability of the thesis, the sample size was calculated by applying multiple sampling techniques in selecting the participants to reach the sample number with the highest representative power of the universe. The 'G. Power-3.1.9.2' program was applied and it was thought that it would be sufficient to reach 5 times the questions in the measurement tool of this study. In addition to all these, criterion sampling and snowball sampling techniques were also used together. Therefore, the participants of the study consist of 320 women earthquake victims over the age of 18 who settled in Samsun province after the earthquake sequence. The study was conducted through the processes and methods of quantitative research and relational screening model was applied to the data. The data was collected through Personel Information Form for Earthquake Victims, Post Earthquake Trauma Level Determination Scale and Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults. The necessary permissions for the research were obtained from the Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee of Ondokuz Mayıs University. The specific findings obtained from the research were discussed at the end of the text in the light of current literature. However, in general, it can be put forth that the vulnerabilities of women earthquake victims have been magnified, deepened and exacerbated by the multiple disadvantages that intersect with the fact that they are both women and earthquake victims. Moreover, another overall conclusion is that women were heavily affected by the earthquake and experienced a multiple crisis. In line with all these findings, suggestions for empowering women and reducing their vulnerabilities were handled on the axis of micro, mezzo and macro interventions of the social work discipline.
The thesis study aims at analyzing the relationship between the trauma levels and psychological resilience of women who experienced the Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence on February 6, 2023. Another objective of the thesis is to evaluate the multiple disadvantaged status of women stemming from being an earthquake victim added to their preexisting gender-based unequal situation before the disaster through the perspective of feminist social work. While determining the participants of the study, in order to contribute to the validity and reliability of the thesis, the sample size was calculated by applying multiple sampling techniques in selecting the participants to reach the sample number with the highest representative power of the universe. The 'G. Power-3.1.9.2' program was applied and it was thought that it would be sufficient to reach 5 times the questions in the measurement tool of this study. In addition to all these, criterion sampling and snowball sampling techniques were also used together. Therefore, the participants of the study consist of 320 women earthquake victims over the age of 18 who settled in Samsun province after the earthquake sequence. The study was conducted through the processes and methods of quantitative research and relational screening model was applied to the data. The data was collected through Personel Information Form for Earthquake Victims, Post Earthquake Trauma Level Determination Scale and Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults. The necessary permissions for the research were obtained from the Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee of Ondokuz Mayıs University. The specific findings obtained from the research were discussed at the end of the text in the light of current literature. However, in general, it can be put forth that the vulnerabilities of women earthquake victims have been magnified, deepened and exacerbated by the multiple disadvantages that intersect with the fact that they are both women and earthquake victims. Moreover, another overall conclusion is that women were heavily affected by the earthquake and experienced a multiple crisis. In line with all these findings, suggestions for empowering women and reducing their vulnerabilities were handled on the axis of micro, mezzo and macro interventions of the social work discipline.
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